Table 2.

Clinical Events

	Overall Cohort	Patients Treated Medically	Patients Treated Surgically	P
Pre‐ and intrahospital events
Any systemic embolization before initiation of antibiotic therapy	41/66 (62%)	5/8 (63%)	36/58 (62%)	0.98
Cerebral	23/64 (36%)	5/8 (63%)	18/56 (23%)	0.09
Silent	7/64 (11%)	2/8 (25%)	5/56 (9%)	0.17
Symptomatic (stroke)	16/64 (25%)	3/8 (38%)	13/56 (23%)	0.38
Splenic	29/63 (46%)	1/7 (14%)	28/56 (50%)	0.07
Renal	15/63 (24%)	1/7 (14%)	14/56 (25%)	0.53
Any clinically symptomatic systemic embolization after initiation of antibiotic therapy	5/71 (7%)	0/12 (0%)	5/59 (9%)	0.30
Cerebral symptomatic (stroke)	3/71 (4%)	0	3/59 (5%)	0.43
Splenic	2/71 (3%)	0	2/59 (3%)	0.52
Renal	1/71 (1%)	0	1/59 (2%)	0.65
Death	26/71 (37%)	1/12 (8%)	25/59 (42%)	0.03
Cardiovascular death	13/71 (18%)	0/12	13/59 (22%)	0.07
Renal failure requiring replacement therapy	18/69 (26%)	0	18/57 (32%)	0.02
BARC type 4 bleeding	NA	NA	6/57 (11%)	NA
Events at long‐term follow‐up
Death	37/71 (52%)	2/12 (17%)	35/59 (59%)	0.007
Cardiovascular death	19/71 (28%)	0/12	19/59 (32%)	0.02
Recurrent endocarditis	8/64 (13%)	2/12 (17%)	6/52 (12%)	0.63

Abbreviations: BARC, Bleeding Academic Research Consortium; NA, not applicable.