Table 2.

Utility of Biomarkers and Imaging Tests

European	AHA
hsCRP
May be measured in patients with moderate CVD risk profile (class IIb, LOE B, weak GRADE)	Class IIa, LOE B
Should not be measured in low‐risk or asymptomatic high‐risk patients (class III, LOE B, strong GRADE)	Class III, LOE B
Coronary calcium score
Measurement is reasonable for risk assessment in asymptomatic adults at intermediate risk (class IIa, LOE B, weak GRADE)	Class IIa, LOE B

Abbreviations: AHA, American Heart Association; CVD, cardiovascular disease; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation; hsCRP, highly sensitive C‐reactive protein; LOE, level of evidence.