Table 3.

Patient and Cardiac Arrest Characteristics by MAP Hypotension Group (0-6 hrs) ECMO patients

		Any Hypotensive MAP (0-6 hrs)
	Overall (N = 157)	No (N = 134)	Yes (N = 23)	P-value
Age at randomization (months)	7.0 [1.0, 50.0]	6.0 [1.0, 34.0]	62.0 [4.0, 174.0]	0.004¹
Male	100 (63.7%)	89 (66.4%)	11 (47.8%)	0.087²
Race				0.898²
Black or African American	45 (28.7%)	38 (28.4%)	7 (30.4%)
White	94 (59.9%)	80 (59.7%)	14 (60.9%)
Other/Unknown	18 (11.5%)	16 (11.9%)	2 (8.7%)
Ethnicity				0.203²
Hispanic or Latino	28 (17.8%)	23 (17.2%)	5 (21.7%)
Not Hispanic or Latino	120 (76.4%)	105 (78.4%)	15 (65.2%)
Unknown	9 (5.7%)	6 (4.5%)	3 (13.0%)
Any pre-existing condition	143 (91.1%)	120 (89.6%)	23 (100.0%)	0.104²
Pre-Existing Conditions
Cardiac condition	123 (78.3%)	106 (79.1%)	17 (73.9%)	0.577²
Congenital heart disease	104 (66.2%)	92 (68.7%)	12 (52.2%)	0.123²
Congenital acyanotic heart disease	75 (47.8%)	67 (50.0%)	8 (34.8%)	0.177²
Congenital cyanotic heart disease	29 (18.5%)	25 (18.7%)	4 (17.4%)	0.885²
Acquired heart disease	30 (19.1%)	20 (14.9%)	10 (43.5%)	0.001²
Arrhythmia	41 (26.1%)	36 (26.9%)	5 (21.7%)	0.605²
Heart Transplant	10 (6.4%)	9 (6.7%)	1 (4.3%)	0.667²
Cyanotic heart disease (baseline sat < 85%)	29 (18.5%)	25 (18.7%)	4 (17.4%)	0.885²
Pulmonary hypertension	12 (7.6%)	10 (7.5%)	2 (8.7%)	0.837²
Pulmonary hypertension - associated with CHD	9 (5.7%)	9 (6.7%)	0 (0.0%)	0.201²
Pulmonary hypertension - not associated with CHD	3 (1.9%)	1 (0.7%)	2 (8.7%)	0.010²
Prenatal condition	30 (19.1%)	23 (17.2%)	7 (30.4%)	0.135²
Respiratory condition	42 (26.8%)	30 (22.4%)	12 (52.2%)	0.003²
Immunocompromised	21 (13.4%)	18 (13.4%)	3 (13.0%)	0.960²
Transplant	12 (7.6%)	10 (7.5%)	2 (8.7%)	0.837²
Gastrointestinal condition	44 (28.0%)	37 (27.6%)	7 (30.4%)	0.781²
Endocrine condition	6 (3.8%)	5 (3.7%)	1 (4.3%)	0.887²
Renal condition	20 (12.7%)	16 (11.9%)	4 (17.4%)	0.469²
Neurologic condition	33 (21.0%)	23 (17.2%)	10 (43.5%)	0.004²
Failure to thrive	10 (6.4%)	10 (7.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0.176²
Other pre-existing condition	39 (24.8%)	34 (25.4%)	5 (21.7%)	0.709²
Night or weekend arrest	71 (45.2%)	61 (45.5%)	10 (43.5%)	0.856²
Initial cardiac arrest rhythm				0.309²
Asystole	7 (4.5%)	6 (4.5%)	1 (4.3%)
Bradycardia	89 (56.7%)	73 (54.5%)	16 (69.6%)
Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)	37 (23.6%)	35 (26.1%)	2 (8.7%)
Ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia	19 (12.1%)	15 (11.2%)	4 (17.4%)
Unknown	5 (3.2%)	5 (3.7%)	0 (0.0%)
Primary etiology of cardiac arrest				0.358²
Cardiac	119 (75.8%)	104 (77.6%)	15 (65.2%)
Respiratory	34 (21.7%)	26 (19.4%)	8 (34.8%)
Other	1 (0.6%)	1 (0.7%)	0 (0.0%)
Unknown	3 (1.9%)	3 (2.2%)	0 (0.0%)
Septic shock with hypotension	15 (9.6%)	13 (9.7%)	2 (8.7%)	0.880²
Location within hospital at time of arrest				0.777²
Emergency department	7 (4.5%)	6 (4.5%)	1 (4.3%)
Non-intensive care inpatient ward	13 (8.3%)	11 (8.2%)	2 (8.7%)
Intensive care unit (includes intermediate care)	110 (70.1%)	92 (68.7%)	18 (78.3%)
Operating room	14 (8.9%)	12 (9.0%)	2 (8.7%)
Other clinical location (radiology,laboratory,etc.)	12 (7.6%)	12 (9.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Non-clinical location (cafeteria,waiting room, etc.)	1 (0.6%)	1 (0.7%)	0 (0.0%)
IV present at the time of arrest	149 (94.9%)	127 (94.8%)	22 (95.7%)	0.860²
Intubated at the time of arrest	116 (73.9%)	98 (73.1%)	18 (78.3%)	0.605²
Previous PICU admission during current hospitalization	38 (24.2%)	33 (24.6%)	5 (21.7%)	0.765²
Number of defibrillation attempts at hospital				0.819²
None	119 (75.8%)	102 (76.1%)	17 (73.9%)
1 or more	38 (24.2%)	32 (23.9%)	6 (26.1%)
Open chest compressions performed	33 (21.0%)	29 (21.6%)	4 (17.4%)	0.644²
Duration of chest compressions	38.0 [18.0, 57.0]	37.0 [19.0, 54.0]	48.0 [6.0, 79.0]	0.153²
Duration of chest compressions				0.678²
Less than or equal to 15 minutes	37 (23.6%)	31 (23.1%)	6 (26.1%)
More than 15 to less than or equal to 30 minutes	23 (14.6%)	21 (15.7%)	2 (8.7%)
More than 30 minutes	97 (61.8%)	82 (61.2%)	15 (65.2%)
Total number of doses of epinephrine administered	5.0 [2.0, 11.0]	5.0 [2.0, 11.0]	5.0 [2.0, 11.0]	0.938¹
Epinephrine Dosing Interval (min/dose)				0.662²
No epinephrine recorded	6 (3.8%)	5 (3.7%)	1 (4.3%)
< 3 min/dose	26 (16.6%)	23 (17.2%)	3 (13.0%)
3 - < 5 min/dose	31 (19.7%)	27 (20.1%)	4 (17.4%)
5 - < 8 min/dose	40 (25.5%)	36 (26.9%)	4 (17.4%)
≥ 8 min/dose	54 (34.4%)	43 (32.1%)	11 (47.8%)
Treatment Received				0.943²
Hypothermia	74 (47.1%)	63 (47.0%)	11 (47.8%)
Normothermia	83 (52.9%)	71 (53.0%)	12 (52.2%)
Time between ROSC/ROC and treatment initiation (hours)	4.5 [3.6, 5.5]	4.4 [3.5, 5.3]	5.3 [3.6, 5.8]	0.097¹
Dose of MAP hypotension (0-6 hrs)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]	50.0 [25.0, 66.7]
Maximum measured lactate (0-6 hrs)	6.2 [3.7, 10.9]	5.9 [3.5, 8.7]	10.2 [4.7, 16.0]	0.009¹
Minimum measured lactate (0-6 hrs)	4.2 [2.5, 9.6]	4.0 [2.4, 7.9]	6.3 [4.0, 14.4]	0.008¹
No medications (0-6 hrs)	59 (37.6%)	52 (38.8%)	7 (30.4%)	0.444²
Vasoactive Agents (0-6 hrs)				0.137²
0	83 (52.9%)	71 (53.0%)	12 (52.2%)
1	43 (27.4%)	38 (28.4%)	5 (21.7%)
2	27 (17.2%)	22 (16.4%)	5 (21.7%)
3	3 (1.9%)	3 (2.2%)	0 (0.0%)
4	1 (0.6%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (4.3%)
Milrinone (0-6 hrs)	44 (28.0%)	36 (26.9%)	8 (34.8%)	0.435²
Steroids (0-6 hrs)	27 (17.2%)	25 (18.7%)	2 (8.7%)	0.242²
Vasopressin (0-6 hrs)	16 (10.2%)	13 (9.7%)	3 (13.0%)	0.625²
Survival to Hospital Discharge	73 (46.5%)	66 (49.3%)	7 (30.4%)	0.095²

P-value is based on the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

Chi-squared test of no association.