Table 3.
Associations of Kidney Tubule Function Markers with Risk of AKI Stratified by Randomization Arm in SPRINT*
| Tubule Function Marker | Randomization Arm | HR per 2-fold higher (95% CI) | P-value | Interaction p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uromodulin (uUMOD) | ||||
| Standard | 0.88 (0.67, 1.17) | 0.389 | 0.111 | |
| Intensive | 0.62 (0.49, 0.78) | <0.001 | ||
| Alpha-1 microglobulin (uα1m) | ||||
| Standard | 1.18 (0.93, 1.49) | 0.184 | 0.419 | |
| Intensive | 1.14 (0.94, 1.38) | 0.192 | ||
| Beta-2 microglobulin (uβ2m) | ||||
| Standard | 0.97 (0.89, 1.07) | 0.582 | 0.501 | |
| Intensive | 1.00 (0.93, 1.07) | 0.896 | ||
| Kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1) | ||||
| Standard | 1.00 (0.99, 1.50) | 0.056 | 0.985 | |
| Intensive | 1.08 (0.92, 1.27) | 0.847 | ||
| Neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin (uNGAL) | ||||
| Standard | 1.08 (0.92, 1.26) | 0.343 | 0.579 | |
| Intensive | 1.10 (0.98, 1.25) | 0.106 | ||
| Interleukin-18 (uIL-18) | ||||
| Standard | 1.09 (0.87, 1.35) | 0.458 | 0.445 | |
| Intensive | 1.14 (0.97, 1.35) | 0.123 | ||
| Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (uMCP-1) | ||||
| Standard | 1.02 (0.93, 1.25) | 0.855 | 0.354 | |
| Intensive | 1.10 (0.92, 1.31) | 0.297 | ||
| Chitinase-3-like protein (uYKL-40) | ||||
| Standard | 1.12 (0.99, 1.25) | 0.052 | 0.946 | |
| Intensive | 1.08 (0.99, 1.18) | 0.081 |
*
Models adjusted for age; sex; race; and baseline urine creatinine, eGFR, urine albumin, baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressures, prevalent CVD, ACE-inhibitor use, ARB use, and baseline diuretic use. (“Model 2”)