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. 2019 Jul 23;9:10681. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47128-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of PAM on osteosarcoma and healthy cells. (A) Effects of PAM +/− Pyr (1, 3 and 5 L/min helium flow at 10 mm gap) on cell viability were detected by WST-1 assay on hBM-MSCs and SaOS-2, measured 24 h after exposure. Cell viability is expressed relative to the corresponding untreated control and is the mean and standard deviation of three independent experiments (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; two-sided Student’s t-test) (B) Effect of PAM +/− Pyr at different helium flows (1, 3 and 5 L/min) and 10 mm gap on the proliferation ability of hBM-MSCs healthy cells (left panel) and SaOS-2 cancer cells (right panel). We analyzed the Normalized Cell Index relative to treatment time (t = 0 h) up to final step (t = 70 h). Data are shown as the mean. Error bars represent the SD, and asterisks indicate statistically significant differences between the indicated series (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; two-sided Student’s t-test). Readings were done in duplicates.