| UCB | urothelial carcinoma of the bladder |
| UTUC | upper tract urothelial carcinoma |
| AA | aristolochic acid |
| ESRD | end-stage renal disease |
| UC | urothelial carcinoma |
| RNU | radical nephron-ureterectomy |
| ICI | immune checkpoint inhibitor |
| PD1 | programmed cell death protein 1 |
| CTLA4 | cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| ICC | investigator-choice chemotherapy |
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