Table 1.
Comparing demographic characteristics and research variables by gender.
| Total (n = 4259) | Male (n = 3495) | Female (n = 764) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | n (%) a | n (%) a | n (%) a | χ2 |
| Age (year) | 220.531 *** | |||
| 20–29 | 321 (7.5) | 270 (7.7) | 51 (6.7) | |
| 30–39 | 1401 (32.9) | 1254 (35.9) | 147 (19.2) | |
| 40–49 | 785 (18.4) | 507 (14.5) | 278 (36.4) | |
| 50–59 | 1592 (37.4) | 1325 (37.9) | 267 (34.9) | |
| 60 and over | 160 (3.8) | 139 (4.0) | 21 (2.7) | |
| Marital status | 0.187 | |||
| not married | 1018 (23.9) | 840 (24.0) | 178 (23.3) | |
| married | 3241 (76.1) | 2655 (76.0) | 586 (76.7) | |
| Education | 46.600 *** | |||
| junior high | 56 (1.3) | 29 (0.8) | 27 (3.5) | |
| senior high | 922 (21.7) | 759 (21.8) | 163 (21.4) | |
| university | 2674 (62.9) | 2178 (62.5) | 496 (65.1) | |
| postgraduate | 597 (14.1) | 521 (14.9) | 76 (10.0) | |
| Occupation | 12.850 *** | |||
| white-collar | 3237 (76.0) | 2618 (74.9) | 619 (81.0) | |
| blue-collar | 1022 (24.0) | 877 (25.1) | 145 (19.0) | |
| Economic status | 46.921 *** | |||
| very poor | 92 (2.2) | 81 (2.3) | 11 (1.5) | |
| poor | 405 (9.6) | 365 (10.6) | 40 (5.3) | |
| ordinary | 2775 (65.8) | 2291 (66.2) | 484 (63.9) | |
| good | 771 (18.3) | 578 (16.7) | 193 (25.5) | |
| excellent | 174 (4.1) | 144 (4.2) | 30 (4.0) | |
| Variables (possible range) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t |
| WFC b (5–20) | 9.2 (2.3) | 9.2 (2.3) | 9.1 (2.2) | 1.39 |
| Burnout (0–100) | 37.6 (17.3) | 37.3 (17.4) | 38.9 (16.5) | -2.30 * |
| Personal burnout (0–100) | 37.7 (18.5) | 37.3 (18.6) | 39.6 (17.9) | -3.17 ** |
| Work-related burnout (0–100) | 37.5 (17.4) | 37.3 (17.6) | 38.2 (16.7) | -1.3 |
| Well-being (0–30) | 13.4 (5.3) | 13.2 (5.4) | 13.9 (5.0) | -3.30 ** |
a Calculated according to a percentage of the valid count. b WFC denotes work-to-family conflict. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 calculated using t or χ2 test.