Table 1.
Cytokine and chemokine levels in the hippocampus.
| Item | Wild-Type | 5×FAD | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WM(−) | WM(−) | WM(+) | |
| IL-1β | 6.55 ± 0.62 | 12.06 ± 0.92 * | 8.88 ± 1.07 † |
| TNF-α | 10.02 ± 1.78 | 14.72 ± 0.84 * | 11.30 ± 1.04 † |
| IL-6 | 0.27 ± 0.03 | 0.35 ± 0.04 * | 0.23 ± 0.06 † |
| IL-12p40 | 2.06 ± 0.23 | 2.49 ± 0.12 * | 2.16 ± 0.32 |
| IL-12p70 | 1.09 ± 0.19 | 1.32 ± 0.09 * | 1.18 ± 0.22 |
| MIP-1α | 3.99 ± 1.26 | 35.87 ± 4.16 ** | 22.67 ± 3.47 †† |
For 3 months, 2.5-month-old transgenic 5×FAD and wild-type female mice were fed a diet either containing or not containing 0.05% w/w WM peptide. The levels of cytokines and chemokines in the hippocampus were measured by ELISA. Data represent the mean ± SEM values of 15 wild-type mice, 11 control transgenic mice, and 12 transgenic mice fed on a diet containing the WM peptide. p-values shown in the graph were calculated by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey–Kramer test. *, † p < 0.05 and **, †† p < 0.01.