Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jun 28;20(13):3183. doi: 10.3390/ijms20133183

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

A proposed molecular process of the tenascin-C/TNIIIA2/PDGF positive spiral loop in GBM cell proliferation and the TNIIIA2-induced GBM cell migration and scattering. Tenascin-C produced by GBM cells is cleaved by MMP-2 released by tenascin-C-stimulated GBM cells or fibroblasts. TNIIIA2 liberated from tenascin-C activates β1-integrin and induces upregulation of PDGF, which in turn stimulates the expression of tenascin-C, suggesting a positive feedback loop for hyper-stimulation in GBM cells. TNIIIA2 also induces GBM cell scattering and migration via the PKCα signaling.