| ABCB1 | ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 |
| ADC | Apparent diffusion coefficient |
| APC | Antigen presenting cell |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| BBB | Blood-brain barrier |
| BCR | B-cell receptor |
| BDNF | Brain-derived neurotrophic factor |
| CD | Cluster of differentiation |
| CNI | Calcineurin inhibitor |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| CPM | Central pontine myelinolysis |
| CS | Citrate synthase |
| CsA | Cyclosporin A |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| CYP | Cytochrome pigment |
| DWI | Diffusion weighted image |
| EC | Endothelial cell |
| EEG | Electro-encephalogram |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| ETC | Electron transport chain |
| fEPSP | Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials |
| FKBP | FK506-binding protein |
| FLAIR | Fluid-attenuated IR |
| IFN-γ | Interferon-gamma |
| IL-2 | Interleukin-2 |
| IMPDH | Inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase |
| IP3 | Inositol trisphosphate |
| JAK | Janus kinase |
| MAP | Mitogen activated protein |
| MBEC4 | Mouse brain capillary endothelial cells |
| MHC | Major histocompatibility complex |
| mPT | Mitochondrial permeability transition |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
| MTX | Methotrexate |
| muromonab-CD3 | Mouse monoclonal immunoglobulin G2 antibody to cluster of differentiation 3 |
| NFAT | Nuclear factor of activated T cells |
| NFκB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
| NMDA | N-methyl-D-aspartate |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| P-gp | P-glycoprotein |
| PRES | Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome |
| PTEN | Phosphatase and tensin homolog |
| RAS | Renin–angiotensin system |
| RC | Respiratory chain |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| SAH | S-adenosylhomocysteine |
| SAM | S-adenosylmethionine |
| S6K1 | S6 kinase 1 |
| TCR | T-cell receptor |
| Tfh | T follicular helper |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
| TrkA | Tropomyosin receptor kinase A |
| TrkB | Tyrosine kinase receptor B |