Substrate kinetics of kinase activity for KGUK from C. necator for different substrates (at 25 °C). Activity of purified KGUK was measured at increasing concentrations of the acceptor substrates 2-keto-D-gluconate (KG) (A), 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate (KDG) (B), 2-ketogulonate (KGul) (C), and 2-keto-3-deoxygulonate (KDGul) (D), maintaining a constant excess of ATP (1.25 mM) and Mg2+ (5 mM). Final concentration of pure KGUK was customized in each kinetic experiment to optimize the activity measurement: 2.5 μg/mL of purified enzyme for KG kinetics (A), 1.5 μg/mL for KDG assays (B), and 3.4 μg/mL for KGul and KDGul experiments (C and D).