| MSCs | Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
| hPDLSCs | human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells |
| E-hPDLSCs | Endothelial differentiated human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells |
| BioR | Collagen membrane |
| VEGF-A | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A |
| 3D | Three-Dimensional |
| ERK1/2 | Extracellular signal-Related Kinase-1/2 |
| MAPK | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase |
| RUNX2 | Runt-related transcription factor-2 |
| COL1A1 | Collagen 1A1 |
| EDTA | EethyleneDiamineTetraacetic Acid |
| hEGF | human Epithelial Growth Factor |
| hFGF | human Fibroblast Growth Factor |
| HUVEC | Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells |
| SDF1 | Stromal cell-Derived Factor-1 |
| ECs | Endothelial Cells |