| AGE | advanced glycation end products |
| BSA | bovine serum albumin |
| CML | Nε-(carboxymethyl)-lysine |
| CEL | Nε-(carboxyethyl)-lysine |
| EC | endothelial cell |
| Gal | galactosamine |
| GlcNAc | N-acetyl-glucosamine |
| IL | interleukin |
| Inflamm-aging | inflammation in the aging group |
| IFN-γ | interferon-γ |
| MNC | mononuclear cell |
| Mφ | monocyte/macrophage |
| PSS | progressive systemic sclerosis |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RNS | reactive nitrogen species |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Th | helper T cell |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
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