Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients with HPS Compared to those without HPS (All Comers)
| HPS (N=75) |
No HPS (N=288) |
PValue |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Median (IQR), years | 56 (52, 61) | 58 (52, 63) | 0.09 |
| Sex, N (%) | 0.16 | ||
| Female | 32 (42.7) | 98 (34.0) | |
| Male | 43 (57.3) | 190 (66.0) | |
| Race/Ethnicity, N (%) | 0.02 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 61 (81.3) | 196 (68.1) | |
| Black | 2 (2.7) | 29 (10.1) | |
| Hispanic | 12 (16.0) | 49 (17.0) | |
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 14 (4.8) | |
| Body Mass Index (BMI), Mean (SD) | 31.1 (7.0) | 30.6 (7.0) | 0.57 |
| Liver Disease Etiology, N (%)* | |||
| Alcohol | 31 (41.3) | 112 (38.9) | 0.70 |
| Autoimmune Hepatitis | 3 (4.0) | 11 (3.8) | 1.00 |
| Cryptogenic | 3 (4.0) | 16 (5.6) | 0.77 |
| Hepatitis C | 34 (45.3) | 112 (39.9) | 0.31 |
| Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease | 8 (10.7) | 44 (15.3) | 0.31 |
| Primary Biliary Cholangitis | 8 (10.7) | 14 (4.9) | 0.06 |
| Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis | 4 (5.3) | 11 (3.8) | 0.52 |
| HCC, N (%) | 20 (26.7) | 86 (33.3) | 0.27 |
| Liver Disease Manifestations, N (%) | |||
| Ascites | 57 (76.0) | 201 (69.8) | 0.29 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding (Variceal) | 27 (36.0) | 89 (30.9) | 0.40 |
| Hepatic Encephalopathy | 47 (62.7) | 166 (57.6) | 0.43 |
| Hepatic Hydrothorax | 9 (12.0) | 35 (12.2) | 0.97 |
| Liver Disease Severity, Median (IQR) | |||
| MELD Score, (N=358) | 14 (12, 17) | 13 (10, 16) | 0.08 |
| MELD-Na Score, (N=357) | 15 (12, 19) | 14 (10, 18) | 0.06 |
| CTP Score, (N=363) | 7 (6, 8) | 6 (5, 7) | 0.01 |
| Laboratory Studies, Median (IQR) | |||
| Albumin, g/dL (N=361) | 3.1 (2.5, 3.4) | 3.1 (2.8, 3.6) | 0.06 |
| Bilirubin, Total, mg/dL (N=362) | 2.5 (1.6, 3.7) | 1.7 (1.0, 3.2) | 0.002 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL (N=362) | 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) | 1.0 (1.0, 1.2) | 0.05 |
| INR (N=359) | 1.4 (1.2, 1.6) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) | 0.06 |
| Sodium, mEq/L (N=361) | 138 (134, 141) | 139 (135, 141) | 0.56 |
| Signs and Symptoms, N (%) | |||
| Clubbing | 9 (12.0) | 16 (5.6) | 0.05 |
| Dyspnea | 28 (37.3) | 102 (35.4) | 0.76 |
| NYHA Functional Class | |||
| 1 | 12 (16.0) | 100 (34.7) | 0.01 |
| 2 | 43 (57.3) | 123 (42.7) | |
| 3 | 20 (26.7) | 63 (21.9) | |
| 4 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.7) |
*
Etiologies of liver disease are not mutually exclusive. IQR – Interquartile Range; SD – Standard Deviation, MELD – Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; CTP - Child-Turcotte-Pugh; NYHA – New York Heart Association.