Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Statin Use Before and After PS Matching in Patients With LDL‐C Levels ≤113 mg/dL
| Statins Before PS Match | Statins After PS Match | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No, n = 1067 | Yes, n = 2296 | P Value | No, n = 1031 | Yes, n = 1031 | P Value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (y) | 67.0 ± 12.7 | 64.8 ± 12.4 | <0.001 | 66.7 ± 12.6 | 66.6 ± 12.3 | 0.824 |
| Male sex | 784 (73.5) | 1729 (75.3) | 0.256 | 766 (74.3) | 755 (73.2) | 0.582 |
| Height (cm) | 163.7 ± 8.4 | 164.0 ± 8.6 | 0.349 | 163.8 ± 8.4 | 163.8 ± 8.6 | 0.994 |
| Weight (kg) | 62.4 ± 11.1 | 63.9 ± 11.3 | 0.001 | 62.6 ± 11.0 | 62.5 ± 11.0 | 0.797 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 3.1 | 23.7 ± 3.2 | <.001 | 23.3 ± 3.1 | 23.2 ± 3.2 | 0.848 |
| Initial presentation | ||||||
| Prehospital resuscitation | 24 (2.3) | 37 (1.6) | 0.199 | 22 (2.1) | 21 (2.0) | 0.883 |
| Typical chest pain | 877 (84.1) | 1982 (87.4) | 0.009 | 860 (85.3) | 868 (86.0) | 0.650 |
| Dyspnea | 287 (28.2) | 595 (27.0) | 0.480 | 268 (27.2) | 275 (27.7) | 0.809 |
| Preinfarct angina pectoris | 406 (38.2) | 958 (42.0) | 0.037 | 397 (38.7) | 384 (37.5) | 0.602 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 125.2 ± 28.3 | 127.0 ± 28.2 | 0.094 | 125.4 ± 28.1 | 125.6 ± 29.3 | 0.871 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 77.8 ± 20.8 | 76.7 ± 19.8 | 0.136 | 77.3 ± 20.2 | 77.7 ± 21.4 | 0.671 |
| Killip class >1 | 330 (31.9) | 511 (22.9) | <0.001 | 306 (30.6) | 295 (29.6) | 0.633 |
| ECG on admission | ||||||
| STEMI | 626 (58.7) | 1465 (63.8) | 0.004 | 613 (59.5) | 612 (59.4) | 0.964 |
| Anterior MI | 436 (43.7) | 995 (45.0) | 0.516 | 424 (44.0) | 450 (45.5) | 0.526 |
| Inferior MI | 385 (38.6) | 869 (39.3) | 0.726 | 373 (38.7) | 363 (36.7) | 0.346 |
| Heart rhythm on admission | ||||||
| Sinus rhythm | 907 (87.8) | 2056 (91.3) | 0.002 | 886 (88.9) | 898 (88.6) | 0.828 |
| Atrial flutter/AF | 60 (5.8) | 96 (4.3) | 0.053 | 51 (5.1) | 58 (5.7) | 0.549 |
| VT/VF | 13 (1.3) | 15 (0.7) | 0.087 | 12 (1.2) | 11 (1.1) | 0.802 |
| History | ||||||
| Previous CHD | 170 (16.0) | 320 (14.0) | 0.124 | 161 (15.7) | 154 (15.0) | 0.675 |
| Hypertensiona | 517 (49.0) | 1085 (47.7) | 0.482 | 497 (48.7) | 489 (47.9) | 0.723 |
| DMb | 310 (29.5) | 621 (27.4) | 0.213 | 297 (29.3) | 298 (29.3) | 0.995 |
| Hyperlipidemiac | 42 (4.6) | 155 (7.8) | 0.002 | 41 (4.7) | 39 (4.4) | 0.795 |
| Current smoking | 443 (41.7) | 1034 (45.3) | 0.052 | 437 (42.6) | 440 (42.9) | 0.894 |
| Previous CHF | 24 (2.3) | 26 (1.1) | 0.010 | 18 (1.8) | 19 (1.9) | 0.892 |
| Previous CVD | 79 (7.7) | 136 (6.0) | 0.073 | 72 (7.2) | 74 (7.3) | 0.913 |
| Previous PVD | 10 (1.0) | 27 (1.2) | 0.576 | 9 (0.9) | 9 (0.9) | 1.000 |
| LVEF (%) | 51.0 ± 26.2 | 51.4 ± 12.3 | 0.680 | 51.2 ± 26.4 | 50.2 ± 12.7 | 0.341 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 170.0 ± 81.9 | 168.9 ± 81.9 | 0.718 | 169.8 ± 81.8 | 172.3 ± 83.7 | 0.499 |
| Serum Cr (mg/dL) | 1.29 ± 1.48 | 1.20 ± 1.49 | 0.089 | 1.28 ± 1.47 | 1.21 ± 1.15 | 0.199 |
| Peak CK‐MB (ng/mL) | 147.8 ± 349.2 | 149.8 ± 364.1 | 0.884 | 149.4 ± 354.2 | 159.5 ± 452.3 | 0.572 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 150.2 ± 26.5 | 156.7 ± 25.8 | <0.001 | 151.0 ± 26.0 | 151.3 ± 27.3 | 0.744 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 110.5 ± 71.3 | 117.4 ± 73.6 | 0.010 | 111.4 ± 71.5 | 113.0 ± 73.5 | 0.626 |
| HDL‐C (mg/dL) | 44.5 ± 12.8 | 44.5 ± 12.8 | 0.923 | 44.6 ± 12.7 | 44.9 ± 13.4 | 0.566 |
| LDL‐C (mg/dL) | 83.6 ± 20.2 | 88.7 ± 19.7 | <0.001 | 84.1 ± 19.8 | 83.8 ± 21.5 | 0.777 |
| PCI at index hospitalization | 802 (75.2) | 1934 (84.2) | <0.001 | 796 (77.3) | 795 (77.1) | 0.926 |
| In‐hospital complication | ||||||
| Cardiogenic shock | 87 (8.5) | 108 (4.8) | <0.001 | 74 (7.5) | 69 (6.9) | 0.611 |
| New atrial flutter/AF | 17 (1.7) | 31 (1.4) | 0.529 | 16 (1.6) | 16 (1.6) | 1.000 |
| VT/VF during hospitalization | 62 (6.1) | 99 (4.4) | 0.041 | 59 (6.0) | 60 (6.0) | 0.979 |
| HF | 242 (23.7) | 441 (19.6) | 0.008 | 229 (23.1) | 238 (23.1) | 0.744 |
| Acute renal failure | 17 (1.7) | 20 (0.9) | 0.052 | 17 (1.7) | 15 (1.5) | 0.696 |
| CVA | 7 (0.7) | 12 (0.5) | 0.597 | 7 (0.7) | 9 (0.9) | 0.633 |
| Major bleeding | 11 (1.1) | 12 (0.5) | 0.085 | 8 (0.8) | 10 (1.0) | 0.654 |
| Management of in‐hospital complication | ||||||
| In‐hospital resuscitation | 50 (4.9) | 73 (3.2) | 0.020 | 47 (4.8) | 42 (4.2) | 0.539 |
| Defibrillation/cardioversion | 49 (4.8) | 78 (3.5) | 0.065 | 46 (4.6) | 46 (4.6) | 1.000 |
| Mechanical ventilator | 77 (7.6) | 92 (4.1) | <0.001 | 65 (6.5) | 65 (6.5) | 1.000 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CK‐MB, creatine‐kinase MB; Cr, creatinine; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; ECG, electrocardiogram; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; HF, heart failure; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI, myocardial infarction; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PS, propensity score; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; STEMI, ST‐elevation myocardial infarction; TG, triglycerides; VF, ventricular fibrillation; VT, ventricular tachycardia.
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%).
Defined as previously diagnosed by a physician, receiving medication to lower blood pressure.
Defined as previously diagnosed by a physician, receiving medication to lower blood glucose.
Defined as previously diagnosed by a physician, receiving lipid‐lowering drugs.