Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Male Subjects Categorized by Sleep Duration and Age (N = 2547)
| Sleep Duration (h) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5–10 years old (n = 1182) | 11–14 years old (n = 1116) | 15–18 years old (n = 249) | |||||||
| <10 (n = 879) | 10–11 (n = 265) | ≥11 (n = 38) | <9 (n = 543) | 9–10 (n = 336) | ≥10 (n = 237) | <8 (n = 81) | 8–9 (n = 103) | ≥9 (n = 65) | |
| Age (y) | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 8.8 ± 1.4 | 12.8 ± 1.1a | 12.3 ± 1.1 | 12.4 ± 1.1 | 15.3 ± 0.6 | 15.4 ± 0.6 | 15.3 ± 0.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 18.1 ± 3.8 | 17.8 ± 3.4 | 17.7 ± 3.2 | 20.8 ± 4.7a | 19.8 ± 4.1 | 20.1 ± 4.2 | 21.4 ± 3.9 | 21.4 ± 4.0 | 21.2 ± 4.0 |
| WC (cm) | 58.7 ± 9.1 | 58.0 ± 10.0 | 57.3 ± 8.5 | 69.4 ± 12.8a | 68.6 ± 38.4 | 67.4 ± 11.6 | 72.2 ± 11.0 | 73.1 ± 10.3 | 74.0 ± 10.7 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 103.5 ± 11.5 | 104.8 ± 12.0 | 101.7 ± 10.5 | 115.3 ± 13.1a | 112.1 ± 13.1 | 111.0 ± 13.5 | 119.3 ± 10.7 | 119.6 ± 11.8 | 120.3 ± 10.4 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 62.7 ± 9.8a | 64.9 ± 9.7 | 62.9 ± 8.6 | 69.6 ± 9.5a | 68.0 ± 9.1 | 67.7 ± 10.4 | 74.1 ± 8.3a | 70.3 ± 9.1 | 73.2 ± 6.6 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 76.3 ± 9.6a | 78.2 ± 9.7 | 75.8 ± 8.6 | 84.8 ± 9.6a | 82.7 ± 9.2 | 82.2 ± 10.6 | 89.2 ± 8.0 | 86.8 ± 8.8 | 88.9 ± 7.0 |
| PP (mmHg) | 40.8 ± 8.7 | 39.9 ± 8.7 | 38.8 ± 7.5 | 45.7 ± 10.6a | 44.0 ± 11.1 | 43.3 ± 9.8 | 45.2 ± 9.2a | 49.3 ± 10.4 | 47.1 ± 8.6 |
| Physical activity, times/week | |||||||||
| None | 21 (2.4) | 10 (3.8) | 2 (5.3) | 8 (1.5) | 10 (3.0) | 4 (1.7) | 3 (3.7) | 5 (4.9) | 3 (4.6) |
| 1–4 | 514 (58.5) | 173 (65.3) | 24 (63.2) | 294 (54.1) | 160 (47.6) | 144 (60.8) | 47 (58.0) | 66 (64.1) | 30 (46.2) |
| 5 or more | 344 (39.1)b | 82 (30.9) | 12 (31.6) | 241 (44.4) | 166 (49.4) | 89 (37.6)b | 31 (38.3) | 32 (31.1) | 32 (49.2) |
| Sleep duration (h/d) | 8.6 ± 0.6a | 10.0 ± 0.1 | 11.3 ± 0.5a | 7.8 ± 0.6a | 9.0 ± 0.1 | 10.3 ± 0.6a | 6.8 ± 0.6a | 8.1 ± 0.2 | 9.7 ± 0.7a |
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PP, pulse pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; WC, waist circumference. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD or as n (%). Significantly different from the referent group of 10 to 11 hours for 5 to 10 year‐olds; 9 to 10 hours for 11 to 14 year‐olds; and 8 to 9 hours for 15 to 18 year‐olds:
a
P < 0.05 from ANOVA test using Dunnett method,
b
P < 0.05 from x2 analysis.