Table 3.
Conventional Doppler and Tissue Doppler‐Derived Parameters in Obese and Healthy Individuals
| Parameters | Group I (n = 92) | Group II (n = 31) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| E (cm/s) | 90.2 ± 22.9 | 91.9 ± 17.1 | 0.694 |
| A (cm/s) | 81.4 ± 20.3 | 56.7 ± 17.1 | <0.001 |
| E/A | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 2.3 ± 3.1 | 0.042 |
| DT (ms) | 242.4 ± 50.2 | 226.1 ± 28.9 | 0.032 |
| e′ septal (cm/s) | 10.1 ± 2.6 | 12.8 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
| A′ septal (cm/s) | 10.3 ± 3.4 | 8.2 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| S septal (cm/s) | 8.6 ± 1.8 | 8.4 ± 0.9 | 0.700 |
| e′ lateral (cm/s) | 11.8 ± 3.4 | 15.3 ± 3.6 | <0.001 |
| A′ lateral (cm/s) | 10.2 ± 3.4 | 8.3 ± 2.5 | 0.002 |
| S lateral (cm/s) | 8.7 ± 2.1 | 9.8 ± 1.9 | 0.020 |
| E/e′m ratio | 8.6 ± 2.7 | 6.7 ± 1.5 | <0.001 |
| LV global strain (%) | 22.5 ± 3.5 | 24.4 ± 2.5 | 0.005 |
| LV global strain rate (1/s) | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 0.879 |
| RV e′ (cm/s) | 14.1 ± 3.8 | 15.2 ± 2.9 | 0.112 |
| RV A′ (cm/s) | 16.6 ± 5.0 | 13.6 ± 2.9 | <0.001 |
| RV e′/A ratio | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.007 |
| RV S (cm/s) | 13.8 ± 3.1 | 14.1 ± 1.8 | 0.545 |
| RV strain (%) | 25.8 ± 5.2 | 28.2 ± 4.3 | 0.029 |
| RV strain rate (1/s) | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 3.2 | 0.246 |
| SPAP (mm Hg) | 37.8 ± 7.5 | 29.9 ± 4.0 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: A, A wave of the mitral inflow; A′ septal, Tissue Doppler A′ at the septal mitral annulus; A′ lateral, tissue Doppler A′ at the lateral mitral annulus; DT, deceleration time of the E wave; e′ septal, tissue Doppler e′ at the septal mitral annulus; e′ lateral, tissue Doppler e′ at the lateral mitral annulus; E, E wave of the mitral inflow; E/A, ratio of the E wave of the mitral inflow by the A wave of the mitral inflow; E/e′, ratio of the E wave mitral inflow by the mean e′; RV, right ventricular; RV A′, tissue Doppler A′ at the RV free wall; RV e′, tissue Doppler e′ at the RV free wall; RV e′/A′, RV e′ to A′ ratio; RV S, systolic tissue Doppler velocity at the tricuspid lateral annulus; RV strain, right ventricular Doppler based strain; RV strain rate, Doppler‐based RV strain rate; S lateral, systolic tissue Doppler velocity at the mitral lateral annulus; SPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure.