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Inactivation of the eut operon genes reduces the competitiveness of uropathogenic E. coli strain U1 in artificial urine medium containing 10 mM ethanolamine. The competition of U1 versus U1 ΔeutB with 10 mM ethanolamine (A) or U1 ΔeutE with 10 mM ethanolamine (B) is shown. Values are the mean ± SEM (n = 3). P values were determined by the Mann-Whitney U test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.
