Table 3.
Comparison Between STEMI Patients Presenting Within 12 hours of Symptom Onset Based on Administration of Reperfusion Therapy
| Shortfall N=205 | Reperfusion N=2006 | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 56 (48–65) | 50 (44–58) | <0.0001 |
| Female gender | 20 | 80 | <0.0001 |
| Country | <0.0001 | ||
| Bahrain (n=77) | 16 | 84 | |
| Kuwait (n=633) | 7 | 93 | |
| Oman (n=369) | 10 | 90 | |
| Qatar (n=128) | 12 | 88 | |
| UAE (n=637) | 4 | 96 | |
| Yemen (n=367) | 21 | 79 | |
| HT | 46 | 31 | <0.0001 |
| DM | 38 | 32 | 0.015 |
| Prior MI | 23 | 12 | <0.0001 |
| Prior PCI | 10 | 5 | 0.0067 |
| Prior CABG | 2 | 1 | 0.27 |
| Smoking | 42 | 54 | 0.0015 |
| HL | 22 | 18 | 0.12 |
| Family history of CAD | 18 | 14 | 0.084 |
| MI location | <0.0001 | ||
| Anterior | 54 | 53 | |
| Inferior | 32 | 41 | |
| Prior stroke | 4 | 1 | 0.0028 |
| Chest pain | 82 | 97 | <0.0001 |
| Resting HR (bpm) | 84 (72–100) | 80 (69–94) | 0.030 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 130 (110–150) | 135 (120–152) | 0.25 |
| Peak CPK (mg/dL) | 403 (175–161) | 1471 (520–2903) | <0.0001 |
| Peak CK‐MB(mg/dL) | 57 (26–120) | 120 (56–244) | <0.0001 |
| Ambulance use | 14 | 20 | 0.032 |
| Door‐to‐ECG time (min) | 15 (10–30) | 10 (5–16) | <0.0001 |
| Killip class | <0.0001 | ||
| I (n=1862) | 71 | 85 | |
| II (n=215) | 16 | 9 | |
| III (n=79) | 7 | 3 | |
| IV (n=49) | 6 | 2 | |
| GRACE score | <0.0001 | ||
| Low (n=934) | 33 | 49 | |
| Intermediate (n=598) | 29 | 31 | |
| High (n=429) | 38 | 20 | |
| Medication use | |||
| Aspirin | 93 | 99 | <0.0001 |
| Clopidogrel | 52 | 60 | 0.021 |
| Unfractionated heparin | 60 | 63 | 0.41 |
| LMW heparin | 33 | 31 | 0.60 |
| IIb/IIIa inhibitors | 10 | 9 | 0.73 |
| β‐Blockers | 55 | 67 | 0.0008 |
| ACEIs | 54 | 66 | 0.0004 |
| Statins | 76 | 93 | <0.0001 |
| Nitrates | 74 | 71 | 0.56 |
| Diuretics | 24 | 15 | 0.0002 |
| EF (n=1524) | 50 (40–56) | 48 (40–55) | 0.34 |
| Coronary angiography | 17 | 21 | 0.204 |
| Outcomes | |||
| Death | 9.3 | 2.8 | <0.0001 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 13.7 | 6 | 0.0001 |
| New‐onset heart failure | 22 | 14 | 0.0019 |
| Major bleeding | 1 | 1 | 0.92 |
| Stroke | 0 | 0.6 | 0.26 |
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; CK, creatine kinase; CK‐MB, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB; DM, diabetes mellitus; ECG, electrocardiography; EF, ejection fraction; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; HL, hyperlipidemia; HR, heart rate; HT, hypertension; LMW, low molecular weight; MI, myocardial infarction; n, number of patients; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SBP, systolic blood pressure; UAE, United Arab Emirates.
Continuous variables are summarized as median and interquartile ranges, and categorical variables are summarized as percentages