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. 2019 Jun 26;17(5):325–336. doi: 10.18502/ijrm.v17i5.4600

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Copyright © 2019 Tahereh Mardanshahi et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.

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(A) Normal testis of the control group, (notice the normal and mature spermatozoa in seminiferous tubule lumen (SL), spermatogonia cell (SP), primary spermatocyte (PS), round spermatid (RS), Sertoli cell (SC)). (B) Testis in L-carnitine (LC) group. (C)-(E) Testis in the diabetic group showing degeneration, germinal epithelium height reduction and incomplete spermatogenic series (Up-down arrow), disruption of the sperm cells' first layer of germinal epithelium (red arrows), Vacuolation (thick arrow). (F), (G), and (H): Improvement of spermatogenesis of diabetic rats treated with LC. (H&E, $\times$ 400).