Table 3.
Cox Univariable and Multivariable Analysis of Overall Survival in All Primary Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: Therapy Regimen
| Characteristic | Definition | Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | ||
| Age | 19-59 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| <18 | 0.84 | 0.70-1.02 | .071 | 0.80 | 0.66-0.97 | .022 | |
| 60+ | 1.65 | 1.49-1.84 | <.001 | 1.79 | 1.60-1.99 | <.001 | |
| Sex | Female | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Male | 1.18 | 1.07-1.30 | .001 | 1.15 | 1.04-1.27 | .006 | |
| Race | White | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Black | 1.19 | 1.03-1.37 | .018 | 1.22 | 1.05-1.41 | .008 | |
| Asian and other | 0.94 | 0.78-1.14 | .528 | 0.93 | 0.77-1.12 | .435 | |
| Unknown | 0.32 | 0.10-0.99 | .047 | 0.42 | 0.13-1.30 | .132 | |
| Therapy | Sx only | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Rx only | 2.50 | 2.01-3.11 | <.001 | 2.07 | 1.65-2.59 | <.001 | |
| Sx and Rx | 1.17 | 1.05-1.31 | .006 | 1.09 | 0.97-1.23 | .153 | |
| None | 1.63 | 1.35-1.96 | <.001 | 1.58 | 1.31-1.91 | <.001 | |
| Unknown | 1.71 | 1.42-2.06 | <.001 | 1.54 | 1.27-1.87 | <.001 | |
| Surgery | GTR | Ref. | |||||
| PR | 1.00 | 0.87-1.15 | .989 | ||||
| Biopsy | 1.55 | 1.13-2.13 | .006 | ||||
| No Sx | 1.88 | 1.58-2.25 | <.001 | ||||
| Sx NOS | 1.09 | 0.95-1.25 | .238 | ||||
| Unknown | 1.93 | 1.54-2.43 | <.001 | ||||
| Radiation Sequence | No Sx or no Rx | Ref. | |||||
| Rx after Sx | 1.01 | 0.91-1.13 | .821 | ||||
| Rx before Sx | 1.01 | 0.79-1.28 | .949 | ||||
| Rx b/a Sx | 0.71 | 0.38-1.32 | .277 | ||||
| Rx intraop | 0.60 | 0.27-1.36 | .210 | ||||
| Unknown | 1.20 | 0.54-2.68 | .658 | ||||
| Tumor Location | Limbs | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Intracranial | 0.80 | 0.61-1.07 | .128 | 0.74 | 0.55-0.99 | .045 | |
| Spinal | 1.27 | 0.94-1.70 | .115 | 1.28 | 0.94-1.72 | .113 | |
| H&N | 1.18 | 1.00-1.40 | .052 | 1.27 | 1.07-1.52 | .007 | |
| Core | 1.68 | 1.49-1.89 | <.001 | 1.58 | 1.40-1.78 | <.001 | |
| NOS and Unknown | 2.07 | 1.69-2.54 | <.001 | 1.80 | 1.45-2.23 | <.001 | |
| Tumor Grade | I | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| II | 1.34 | 0.94-1.89 | .102 | 1.33 | 0.94-1.89 | .106 | |
| III | 2.91 | 2.08-4.06 | <.001 | 2.74 | 1.96-3.84 | <.001 | |
| IV | 3.69 | 2.67-5.10 | <.001 | 3.24 | 2.33-4.49 | <.001 | |
| Unknown | 2.53 | 1.86-3.45 | <.001 | 2.34 | 1.71-3.19 | <.001 | |
| Tumor Size | ≤50 mm | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| >50 mm | 2.43 | 2.09-2.82 | <.001 | 2.26 | 1.93-2.64 | <.001 | |
| Unknown | 2.03 | 1.75-2.36 | <.001 | 1.91 | 1.63-2.22 | <.001 | |
Abbreviations: b/a, before and after; CI, confidence interval; GTR, gross total resection; H&N, head and neck; HR, hazard ratio; intraop, intraoperatively, NOS, not otherwise specified; PR, partial resection; Ref., reference; Rx, radiotherapy; Sx, surgery.