Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients with an Index Alcohol or Drug Abuse/Dependence Encounter in Seven Health Systems by Site, October 1, 2014 and August 15, 2015 (n=86,565)
| Health System |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | p- value |
|
| Gender, % | ||||||||
| Female | 40.8 | 37.6 | 40.8 | 36.5 | 44.6 | 41.5 | 44.2 | |
| Male | 59.2 | 62.4 | 59.2 | 63.5 | 55.4 | 58.4 | 55.8 | <.001 |
| Age, % | ||||||||
| 18-29 | 22.2 | 16.9 | 24.3 | 21.6 | 19.8 | 22.1 | 17.1 | |
| 30-49 | 31.3 | 17.9 | 29.0 | 28.1 | 27.6 | 30.8 | 37.8 | |
| 50-64 | 29.0 | 37.9 | 28.1 | 29.2 | 33.2 | 29.4 | 30.2 | |
| 65+ | 17.5 | 27.3 | 18.6 | 21.2 | 19.5 | 17.8 | 14.9 | <.001 |
| Race/ethnicity, % | ||||||||
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 8.1 | |
| Asian | 0.9 | 0.6 | 5.6 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.1 | |
| Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.1 | |
| Black/African American | 4.7 | 39.3 | 12.4 | 11.1 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 2.3 | |
| Hispanic | 14.2 | 1.7 | 17.3 | 30.4 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 0.7 | |
| White | 64.4 | 50.7 | 60.5 | 50.9 | 66.9 | 83.7 | 88.3 | |
| Other/Unknown | 14.2 | 7.0 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 20.2 | 3.6 | 0.4 | <.001 |
| Substance abuse related psychiatric conditions in the year prior, % | 42.9 | 45.1 | 43.2 | 43.7 | 45.6 | 47.0 | 56.0 | <.001 |
| Substance abuse related medical conditions in the year prior, % | 58.4 | 74.4 | 66.0 | 60.6 | 61.4 | 63.7 | 66.7 | <.001 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean (SD) | 0.90 (1.72) | 1.34 (1.96) | 1.12 (1.93) | 0.91 (1.68) | 0.97 (1.77) | 1.06 (1.86) | 0.77 (1.36) | <.001 |
| Insurance Type, % | ||||||||
| Commercial/Private Pay | 65.0 | 67.5 | 61.4 | 67.0 | 64.8 | 57.7 | 0.0 | |
| Medicare | 22.7 | 32.5 | 26.8 | 23.9 | 26.9 | 15.3 | 0.0 | |
| State Subsidized | 12.3 | 0.0 | 11.9 | 9.1 | 2.7 | 27.0 | 0.0 | |
| Unknown | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.6 | 0.0 | 100.0 | <.001 |
| Type of index diagnosis, % | ||||||||
| Alcohol | 59.8 | 53.4 | 50.8 | 51.9 | 51.5 | 52.7 | 50.5 | |
| Cannabis | 14.5 | 12.9 | 15.8 | 14.9 | 16.6 | 16.0 | 9.0 | |
| Opioids | 9.0 | 13.3 | 9.9 | 16.3 | 15.8 | 13.7 | 11.8 | |
| Other drug | 16.8 | 2.0 | 23.5 | 16.9 | 16.1 | 17.6 | 28.8 | <.001 |
| Index encounter type, % | ||||||||
| Primary care, % | 20.3 | 48.1 | 21.8 | 16.5 | 14.5 | 21.6 | 19.8 | |
| Emergency department, % | 29.3 | 16.8 | 14.9 | 50.7 | 53.9 | 31.2 | 57.2 | |
| Inpatient, % | 29.6 | 15.0 | 47.6 | 13.1 | 16.1 | 24.9 | 3.6 | |
| Psychiatry/AOD treatment, % | 9.5 | 6.6 | 9.9 | 14.2 | 7.8 | 14.3 | 9.9 | |
| Other outpatient, % | 11.4 | 13.5 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 9.4 | <.001 |
| Treatment utilization 45 days post index encounter, mean(SD) | ||||||||
| Primary care | 0.58(0.99) | 0.61(0.98) | 1.08(1.82) | 0.71(1.16) | 1.29(2.96) | 0.76(1.12) | 3.20(3.62) | <.001 |
| Emergency department | 0.03(0.27) | 0.14(0.45) | 0.31(0.83) | 0.12(0.47) | 0.23(0.80) | 0.28(0.77) | 0.07(0.34) | <.001 |
| Psychiatry/AOD treatment | 0.65(1.98) | 0.98(3.35) | 3.45(14.90) | 1.70(7.91) | 0.70(2.74) | 0.51(2.68) | 0.25(1.16) | <.001 |