Table 3.

Association between handgrip strength and risk of hypertension.

Population	Handgrip strength	Unadjusted		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
		OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P
Entire	Low (n = 2611)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
	Moderate (n = 2575)	0.96 (0.86–1.08)	0.512	0.98 (0.87–1.11)	0.770	0.96 (0.85–1.08)	0.515	0.97 (0.86–1.10)	0.693
	High (n = 2566)	1.11 (1.00–1.24)	0.056	1.19 (1.06–1.34)	0.004	1.02 (0.90–1.15)	0.768	1.03 (0.91–1.17)	0.653
Male	Low (n = 997)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
	Moderate (n = 986)	0.89 (0.74–1.07)	0.221	0.92 (0.76–1.12)	0.398	0.92 (0.76–1.12)	0.408	0.93 (0.76–1.14)	0.504
	High (n = 977)	1.04 (0.86–1.25)	0.718	1.10 (0.91–1.34)	0.331	0.88 (0.72–1.08)	0.213	0.89 (0.73–1.10)	0.307
Female	Low (n = 1597)	Ref		Ref		Ref		Ref
	Moderate (n = 1569)	1.01 (0.88–1.16)	0.937	1.02 (0.87–1.18)	0.817	0.99 (0.84–1.15)	0.877	1.00 (0.86–1.18)	0.946
	High (n = 1564)	1.16 (1.01–1.34)	0.033	1.25 (1.08–1.46)	0.004	1.12 (0.96–1.31)	0.147	1.13 (0.96–1.33)	0.129

OR: odd ratio; CI: confidence interval; Ref: reference.

Model 1: Adjusted for age and gender. Model 2: Adjusted for smoking, drinking, body mass index, physical activity and the covariates in model 1. Model 3: Adjusted for fasting glucose level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride and the covariates in model 2.