Fig. 3.

Dual treatment with PPP and ASP3026 enhances apoptosis in NPM-ALK⁺ T cell lymphoma cells. a Representative examples of apoptosis flow cytometry analysis charts in the three cell lines. Although treatment with PPP or ASP3026 alone was associated with increased early apoptotic (right lower quadrant) or late apoptotic + necrotic (right upper quadrant) cells, combined treatment induced a much more pronounced increase in these cellular fractions in the three cell lines. Percentage of cells undergoing early and late apoptosis are shown. b Compared with control cells, treatment with a low concentration of PPP (0.25 μM) or ASP3026 (1.0 μM) for 24 h was associated with apoptotic cell death in the NPM-ALK⁺ T cell lymphoma cell lines. Also, the increase in apoptosis was markedly pronounced in cells treated simultaneously with the two agents compared to control cells. However, the combination treatment increased apoptosis more significantly than treatment with PPP or ASP3026 alone. Results are shown as means ± SD of three independent experiments