(a) Jitter plots from RNA-seq experiments in HEK293T cells showing RNA cytosines modified by expression of wild-type (WT) BE3, BE3-R33A, BE3-R33A/K34A, or BE3-E63Q. Y-axis represents the efficiencies of C-to-U RNA editing. n = total number of modified cytosines observed. (b) Manhattan plots showing the distribution of modified cytosines induced by BE3-R33A and BE3-R33A/K34A from replicate 2 in (a) overlaid on modified cytosines induced by WT BE3 (note that the WT BE3 data is the same in the top and bottom plots). (c) Heat maps of on-target DNA base editing efficiencies of WT BE3, BE3-R33A, BE3-R33A/K34A, and nCas9-UGI-NLS (Control) in HEK293T cells with 12 different gRNAs (cells transfected and harvested without sorting). Bases shown are within the editing window of the on-target site (numbered with 1 as the most PAM distal position).