Table 2.

Outcomes for Standard Rehabilitation Therapy (SRT) vs Usual Care Among Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure

	Median (IQR)		Median Difference (95% CI)	P Value
	SRT (n = 150)	Usual Care (n = 150)
Hospital days (primary outcome)	10.0 (6 to 17)	10.0 (7 to 16)	0 (−1.5 to 3)	.41a
Free daysb
Hospital	18 (7 to 22)	18 (9 to 21)	0 (−3 to 1.5)	.96c
Ventilator	24 (19 to 26)	24 (20 to 26)	0 (−2 to 1)	.59c
Intensive care unit
Days	7.5 (4 to 14)	8.0 (4 to 13)	0 (−2.5 to 2)	.68a
Free daysb	19 (8 to 23)	19 (12 to 24)	0 (−1.5 to 3)	.83c
Intravenous sedationd
Days	2 (1 to 5)	2 (0 to 4)	0 (0 to 1.5)	.11
Days, %	30.8 (0.8 to 54.1)	27.1 (0 to 50.0)	3.8 (−5.5 to 14.5)	.14
Vasopressor
Days	0 (0 to 1)	0 (0 to 1)	0 (0 to 0)	>.99
Days, %	0 (0 to 6.7)	0 (0 to 8.3)	0 (0 to 0)	.90
ICU fluid balance, cc	−68.5 (−806.6 to 664.4)	−148.8 (−766.8 to 520.2)	53.9 (−270.3 to 281.2)	.89
Restraint
Days	1 (0 to 4)	1 (0 to 3)	0 (−1 to 1)	.71
Days, %	25.0 (0 to 55.8)	25.0 (0 to 50.0)	0 (−16.7 to 12.3)	.82
CAM-ICUe
Negative
Days	2 (0 to 3)	2 (0 to 4)	0 (−1 to 1)	.88
Days, %	24.5 (0 to 44.8)	20 (0 to 50.0)	3.4 (−5.0 to 10.1)	.91
Positive
Days	0 (0 to 1)	0 (0 to 1)	0 (0 to 0)	.77
Days, %	0 (0 to 12.5)	0 (0 to 9.1)	0 (0 to 0)	.71
RASS score of 4 or 5f
Days	1 (0 to 4)	1 (0 to 3)	0 (−1 to 1)	.43
Days, %	14.6 (0 to 36.9)	14.3 (0 to 33.3)	1.8 (−6.7 to 10.5)	.71

Abbreviations: CAM-ICU, Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit²⁰; IQR, interquartile range; RASS, Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale.²¹

^aLog-rank test.

^bAll free days are based on 28 days.

^cWilcoxon ranked sum.

^dIntravenous sedation days were defined as any part of a day a continuous delivery intravenous occurred of fentanyl, morphine, midazolam, lorazepam, propofol or dexmedetomidine. Percentage of restraint days, CAM-ICU–positive days, CAM-ICU–negative days, and RASS score 4 or 5 days represent the percentage of ventilator days.

^eCAM-ICU scores were positive or negative for delirium.

^fRASS score ranged from −3 (moderate sedation) to 4 (combative).