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. 2019 Jul 18;10:921. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00921

Figure 5.

Figure 5

The conversion of β-alanine to important secondary metabolites. (A) A trifunctional, S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent N-methyltransferase [EC 2.1.1.49], performs iterative N-methylation of β-alanine to β-alanine betaine. (B) Homoglutathione biosynthesis involves the enzymes, glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) or γ-ECS (γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase) [EC 6.3.2.2] and a β-alanine specific homoglutathione synthase (hGSHS) [EC 6.3.2.23], both of which perform specific amino acid condensations at the expense of ATP.