Skip to main content
. 2019 Apr 24;170(2):345–356. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz102

Table 1.

The 28 CIPA Compounds Categorized Based on High, Intermediate, and Low Risk for Clinical TdP Were Used in the Present Study

Generic Name Free Cmax Drug Concentration in µM
High risk Azimilide 0.07 0.01 0.1 1 10
Bepridil 0.032 0.01 0.1 1 10
d,l-Sotalol 15 0.1 1 10 100
Disopyramide 0.7 0.1 1 10 100
Dofetilide 0.002 0.0003 0.001 0.003 0.01
Ibutilide 0.1 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1
Quinidine 3 1 3 9.5 30
Vandetanib 0.3 0.01 0.1 1 10
Intermediate risk Astemizole 0.0003 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1
Chlorpromazine 0.0345 0.1 0.3 0.9 3
Cisapride 0.00258 0.003 0.01 0.03 0.1
Clarithromycin 1.21 0.1 1 10 100
Clozapine 0.071 0.1 0.3 0.9 3
Domperidone 0.02 0.003 0.03 0.3 3
Droperidol 0.016 0.03 0.1 0.3 1
Ondansetron 0.37 0.03 0.3 3 30
Pimozide 0.00043 0.001 0.003 0.01 0.03
Risperidone 0.0018 0.003 0.01 0.03 0.1
Terfenadine 0.00029 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
Low risk Diltiazem 0.13 0.01 0.1 1 10
Loratadine 0.00045 0.001 0.003 0.01 0.03
Metoprolol 1.8 3 10 32 100
Mexiletine 2.5 0.1 1 10 100
Nifedipine 0.0077 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
Nitrendipine 0.0030 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.3
Ranolazine 1.95 0.1 1 10 100
Tamoxifen 0.021 0.1 0.3 1 3
Verapamil 0.045 0.001 0.01 0.1 1

The free Cmax level and concentrations were selected based on the HESI/CIPA stem-cell group studies (Blinova et al., 2018).