Figure 4.
Representative images of claudin-5 fluorescence of endothelial cells (ECs) pretreated with 1 μM Losartan (AT1 receptor antagonist) for 1 h and then treated for 48 h with a 1:40 dilution of mouse plasma from C57Bl/6 mice exposed to either (A) filter air (FA) on a low-fat (LF) diet, or animals exposed to mixed vehicle exhaust (MVE: 100 μg/m3 PM) for 6 h/d for 30 days on either a (B) LF or (C) high-fat (HF) diet. Data represented as mean ± SEM from n = 3–5, blue fluorescence = Hoechst stained nuclei. Scale bar = 100 µm. E, Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements in BBB coculture pre-incubated with 1 μM Losartan for 1 h and then treated with a 1:40 dilution of mouse plasma on the EC (apical) layer from C57Bl/6 mice exposed in each group. Transendothelial electrical resistance values were measured 48 h post-plasma treatment. Data are represented as the mean of % change in TEER normalized to mean LF+FA TEER measurements ± SEM from n = 3–5. *p < .05 compared with without treated by Losartan.