Table 1.
Mechanisms of action of protective antibodies against influenza virus proteins in mouse and humans.
| Antibodies against | Mechanism | Confirmed with: | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse Abs | Human Abs | |||
| HA (head) | Neutralizing (strain specific) | Block virus attachment to host cell | ✓a | ✓ |
| Broadly neutralizing | ✓ S139/1b (43)c | ✓ CH65, C05, F045-092, F026-427, D1-8 (44–47) |
||
| Non-neutralizing | ADCC | |||
| ADCP | ||||
| CDCC | (92) | |||
| Inhibit NA activity | ✓ (30, 32) | |||
| HA (stem) | Broadly neutralizing | Block fusion | ✓ C179 (48) | ✓ CR6261, CR8020, FI6, F10 (48–52) |
| Non-neutralizing | ADCC | FI6 (84) | ||
| ADCP | ✓ (91) | ✓ (91) | ||
| CDCC | ✓ (92) | |||
| Inhibit NA activity | ✓ (32) | ✓ (31) | ||
| NA | Neutralizing | Not described | ✓ (66) | |
| Non-neutralizing | NI-activity, interfere with viral release | ✓ (76) | ✓ (66) | |
| ADCC | ✓ (87) | |||
| M2 | Non-neutralizing | ADCC | ✓ 1–10 (99) | |
| ADCP | ✓ (98) | |||
| CDCC | ✓ (101) | |||
| NP | Non-neutralizing | ADCC | ✓ (87) | |
| CDCC | ✓ Low activity (123) | |||
a.
✓ indicates that the mechanism of action has been confirmed.
b.
mAb name.
c.
Reference in parenthesis.