| Method summary | DNA X-ray crystallography (direct) |
| Requirements | 3G synchrotron facilities/microsource X-ray diffractometer. |
| Results | Definitive visualization of metallodrug–DNA binding interactions. |
| Advantages | Detailed structural data. |
| Limitations | Solid-state interactions only and transient/dynamic/pre-associative interactions may be precluded. Crystals of suitable quality required. |
| Complementary and advanced techniques | NMR and MS (direct) (Sections 2.2 and 2.3). CD/fluorescence/absorbance spectroscopy (indirect) (Sections 3.1 and 3.2). |
| Advanced complementary methods include analysis by optical tweezers. |
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