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. 2019 Jul 18;10:1664. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01664

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Osteoimmunology at the osteosarcoma (OS) niche. Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs), Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) and Mesenchymal Stem cells (MSCs) regulate osteosarcoma cells (OSCs) proliferation, tumor mass progression, and metastasis. The RANK/RANKL signaling leads to both OSCs progression and increased osteoclast activation and bone loss in the OS niche.