Table 2.
Amino acid profiles and comparative study of essential amino acid patterns with FAO/WHO/UNU standard of C. sorokiniana protein isolate (CSPI); and C. sorokiniana protein hydrolysates by pepsin (CSHPe), bromelain (CSHBr), and thermolysin (CSHTh)
| Amino acids (g/100 g protein) | CSPI | CSHBr | CSHPe | CSHTh | WHO/FAO (2007) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children (3–10 years) | Adult | |||||
| Histidinea | 2.03 ± 0.24 | 1.82 ± 0.68 | 1.68 ± 0.68 | 2.00 ± 0.35 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
| Isoleucinea | 3.33 ± 0.80 | 2.66 ± 1.18 | 2.33 ± 0.91 | 3.06 ± 0.22 | 3.1 | 3.0 |
| Leucinea | 10.25 ± 1.24 | 9.20 ± 1.58 | 7.62 ± 2.62 | 9.72 ± 1.11 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
| Lysinea | 7.70 ± 3.48 | 6.48 ± 0.63 | 6.49 ± 0.32 | 7.88 ± 3.02 | 4.8 | 4.5 |
| Threoninea | 4.49 ± 1.05 | 4.49 ± 1.84 | 4.49 ± 1.84 | 5.13 ± 1.73 | 2.5 | 2.3 |
| Valinea | 8.22 ± 1.31 | 6.75 ± 2.72 | 8.35 ± 3.93 | 9.39 ± 2.43 | 4.0 | 3.9 |
| Meta + Cys | 5.35 ± 0.38 | 4.75 ± 0.93 | 4.37 ± 0.99 | 5.42 ± 0.51 | 2.4 | 2.2 |
| Phea + Try | 9.84 ± 1.26 | 8.14 ± 2.82 | 7.38 ± 2.42 | 9.81 ± 1.20 | 4.1 | 3.8 |
| Argininea | 8.04 ± 1.18 | 7.47 ± 2.80 | 6.66 ± 2.72 | 8.01 ± 1.63 | ||
| Serine | 5.35 ± 1.12 | 4.71 ± 0.94 | 4.34 ± 1.09 | 7.23 ± 2.79 | ||
| Glutamic acid | 18.73 ± 2.74 | 15.52 ± 6.06 | 15.48 ± 5.60 | 17.61 ± 1.78 | ||
| Glycine | 8.90 ± 0.64 | 7.77 ± 2.47 | 7.44 ± 1.92 | 10.25 ± 0.45 | ||
| Alanine | 11.74 ± 1.44 | 9.80 ± 3.64 | 10.58 ± 2.53 | 11.12 ± 1.11 | ||
| Aspartic acid | 13.96 ± 1.97 | 7.54 ± 1.63 | 6.90 ± 1.71 | 6.04 ± 1.95 | ||
| 2‐aminoethanol | 0.43 ± 0.05 | 0.25 ± 0.08 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.37 ± 0.03 | ||
| Ammonia | 2.20 ± 0.64 | 2.18 ± 1.10 | 1.15 ± 0.29 | 2.18 ± 0.70 | ||
| Ornithine | 0.25 ± 0.14 | 0.18 ± 0.08 | 0.25 ± 0.11 | 0.20 ± 0.04 | ||
| Hydroxyproline | 14.12 ± 5.36 | 14.94 ± 1.17 | 11.90 ± 0.52 | 10.37 ± 2.11 | ||
| Proline | 17.27 ± 0.01 | 15.43 ± 6.32 | 14.40 ± 4.13 | 18.53 ± 0.12 | ||
The values are the mean ± SD of three independent determinations.
a
Essential amino acids.