Table 4. Association of illnesses and disability with chikungunya virus infection among residents of four communities in Puerto Rico, November 2015–February 2016.
| Characteristics | CHIKV+ survey participants N = 114 n (column %) |
CHIKV- survey participants N = 213 n (column %) |
Estimated Proportion CHIKV+ in Community |
Estimated Proportion CHIKV- in Community |
RR (95% CI) | aRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| History of joint pain prior to May 2014* | 29 (25.4) | 61 (28.6) | 19.0 | 18.8 | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) |
| Fever and arthralgia since May 2014* | 84 (73.7) | 32 (15.0) | 77.8 | 18.8 | 5.2 (3.4–7.9) | 5.3 (3.6–7.9) |
| Duration of fever in days, median (range or 95% CI) | 3 (1–14) | 3 (1–14) | 4.0 (3.0–5.7) | 4.0 (2.7–4.0) | 0.9610† | |
| Duration of arthralgia in days, median (range or 95% CI) | 14 (2–570) | 5 (1–365) | 14.0 (14–30) | 3.0 (3.0–6.0) | <0.0001† | |
| Arthritis since May 2014* | 27 (23.7) | 23 (10.8) | 25.7 | 6.2 | 2.2 (1.8–2.9) | 2.2 (1.7–2.8) |
| Duration in days, median (range or 95% CI) | 90 (3–420) | 30 (30–99) | 90.0 (24.5–118.7) | 30.0 (27.9–55.9) | 0.0124† | |
| Times sought medical care | 57 (50.0) | 20 (9.4) | 70.6 | 76.7 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.2) |
| Once | 28 (24.6) | 9 (4.2) | 44.2 | 57.9 | NA | |
| More than once | 28 (24.6) | 11 (5.2) | 55.8 | 42.2 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) |
| Hospitalized | 4 (3.5) | 5 (2.4) | 4.0 | 20.5 | 0.4 (0.2–1.0) | 0.4 (0.2–0.8) |
| Duration in days, median (range or 95% CI) | 9 (2–10) | 5 (1–12) | 9.0 (1.3–10.0) | 5.6 (0.2–10.9) | 0.3209† | |
| Missed work or daily chores since May 2014* | 51 (44.7) | 39 (18.3) | 48.0 | 16.1 | 2.4 (1.7–3.3) | 2.4 (1.7–3.2) |
| Days of work/chores lost, median (range or 95% CI) | 7 (1–90) | 5.5 (0–120) | 6.6 (3.0–7.0) | 13.2 (4.5–19.3) | 0.5331† | |
Abbreviations: CHIKV = chikungunya virus; RR = relative risk; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; aPR = adjusted relative risk (adjusted for age group, sex, and time spent at home); NA = not applicable
*Chikungunya virus was first detected to be circulating in Puerto Rico in May, 2014
†P value, Mood’s test for medians