Table 1. Anthropometric measurements, body composition and usual gait speed in patients with MELAS, CPEO, MD, and healthy controls.
| MELAS (n = 40) |
CPEO (n = 49) |
MD (n = 89) |
Controls (n = 178) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (F/M) | 28/12 | 29/20 | 57/32 | 114/64 |
| Age (y) | 28.4 ± 9.3 | 32.0 ± 10.9 | 30.4 ± 10.3 | 30.4 ± 10.3 |
| Anthropometric measurements | ||||
| Height (cm) | 159.9 ± 8.9& | 163.3 ± 8.1 | 161.8 ± 8.6# | 164.9 ± 7.6&# |
| Body weight (kg) | 48.9 ± 11.7& | 53.9 ± 12.6* | 51.7 ± 12.4# | 61.2 ± 9.8&*# |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19.03 ± 3.18& | 20.11 ± 4.07* | 19.63 ± 3.71# | 22.42 ± 2.69&*# |
| Body composition and usual gait speed | ||||
| FMI (kg/m2) | 4.91 ± 2.21&§ | 6.28 ± 2.83§ | 5.66 ± 2.65 | 6.29 ± 2.07& |
| FFMI (kg/m2) | 14.03 ± 1.74& | 13.84 ± 2.33* | 13.92 ± 2.08# | 16.16 ± 1.85&*# |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 7.58 ± 1.61& | 7.37 ± 1.50* | 7.46 ± 1.54# | 8.89 ± 1.30&*# |
| Female (kg/m2) | 7.07 ± 0.91& | 6.86 ± 1.18* | 6.96 ± 1.05# | 8.22 ± 0.99&*# |
| Male (kg/m2) | 8.77 ± 2.23& | 8.10 ± 1.63* | 8.35 ± 1.87# | 10.09 ± 0.83&*# |
| ASMI (kg/m2) | 5.63 ± 1.43& | 5.66 ± 1.21* | 5.65 ± 1.30# | 6.72 ± 1.01&*# |
| Female (kg/m2) | 5.16 ± 0.77& | 5.13 ± 0.85* | 5.14 ± 0.81# | 6.16 ± 0.73&*# |
| Male (kg/m2) | 6.74 ± 1.96& | 6.44 ± 1.25* | 6.55 ± 1.53# | 7.71 ± 0.61&*# |
| % reduced ASMI | 72.5 (29) & | 67.4 (33) * | 69.7 (62) # | 16.9 (30) &*# |
| Female (%) | 75.0 (21) & | 72.4 (21) * | 73.7 (42) # | 20.2 (23) &*# |
| Male (%) | 66.7 (8) & | 60.0 (12) * | 62.5 (20) # | 10.9 (7) &*# |
| UGS (m/s) | 0.92 ± 0.21 | 0.90 ± 0.17 | 0.91 ± 0.19 | |
| % reduced UGS | 35.0 (14) | 30.6 (15) | 32.6 (29) | |
| % reduced ASMI and UGS | 25.0 (10) | 24.5 (12) | 24.7 (22) | |
| Female (%) | 25.0 (7) | 27.6 (8) | 26.3 (15) | |
| Male (%) | 25.0 (3) | 20.0 (4) | 21.9 (7) | |
Data shown as mean ± standard deviation or percentage (number); MELAS, encephalomyopathy with lactate acidosis and stroke-like episodes; CPEO, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia; MD, mitochondrial diseases; F, female; M, male; y, years; BMI, body mass index; FMI, fat mass index; FFMI, fat-free mass index; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; ASMI, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; UGS, usual gait speed. Reduced ASMI indicates ASMI < 5.7 kg/m2 in women and < 7.0 kg/m2 in men. Reduced UGS indicates usual gait speed < 0.8 m/s.
# statistical significance between patients with MD and controls (p < 0.05).
& statistical significance between patients with MELAS and controls (p < 0.05).
* statistical significance between patients with CPEO and controls (p < 0.05).
§ statistical significance between patients with MELAS and patients with CPEO (p < 0.05).