Table 1.

Electromyography Spike Activity Heat Map After 5-fold Gastrointestinal Electrical Stimulation

Location	Electrode type	Post-stimulatory minute 1				Post-stimulatory minute 2				Post-stimulatory minute 3
		500 μsec		1000 μsec		500 μsec		1000 μsec		500 μsec		1000 μsec
		30 Hz	130 Hz	30 Hz	130 Hz	30 Hz	130 Hz	30 Hz	130 Hz	30 Hz	130 Hz	30 Hz	130 Hz
Stomach	Hook needle	4.87	3.87	4.27	2.87	4.47	5.87	6.07	5.27	2.67	3.47	4.07	5.67
	Hook-wire	3.53	4.13	4.73	9.13	3.73	4.13	1.53	8.93	4.13	0.73	3.33	8.13
Duodenum	Hook needle	5.48	6.28	4.98	0.08	4.18	6.58	4.98	−1.93	1.38	3.18	3.88	2.00
	Hook-wire	13.13	17.63	15.38	8.88	11.25	8.50	7.88	3.00	6.75	10.13	5.50	4.13
Jejunum	Hook needle	52.95	48.22	33.65	30.63	15.76	28.38	63.61	18.50	9.22	19.18	21.45	27.15
	Hook-wire	9.23	15.93	14.96	16.03	7.64	14.73	15.14	15.50	6.68	14.85	14.44	24.03
Ileum	Hook needle	5.07	27.20	17.70	28.57	8.45	14.95	15.82	19.70	13.70	17.95	11.82	8.70
	Hook-wire	7.78	19.40	5.40	5.70	11.62	9.20	7.90	2.97	7.03	9.10	4.60	0.06
Colon	Hook needle	−0.45	−1.02	−0.38	−1.38	0.33	−1.31	−1.67	0.62	0.41	0.05	−0.88	3.12
	Hook-wire	11.00	7.61	20.28	6.61	12.00	9.72	5.89	3.22	12.22	6.89	2.11	5.72

Multiple subserosal electrodes were applied in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of pigs. Electrical stimulation with 4 technical parameter sets was performed. Pre- and post-stimulatory multi-channel electromyography was recorded and spikes computed. Differences between average baseline and post-stimulatory spike activities were calculated for each gastrointestinal part, electrode type (hook needle or hook-wire), and electrical stimulation parameter (500 microseconds (μsec) or 1000 μsec, 30 Hz or 130 Hz with 30 seconds and 25 mA) and worked into a heat map (numbers). Modification of post-stimulatory compared to baseline spike activity is characterized by a background color (red: > 13 spikes per minute [spm], orange: 5–13 spm, yellow: 0–5 spm, green: < 0 spm).