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. 2019 Jul 30;25(3):442–460. doi: 10.5056/jnm19014

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Chronic stress exacerbates cold-induced pronociception. (A) Effect of a 10-day sham stress on visceromotor response (VMR) to colorec-tal distention (CRD) in rats. (B) Effect of a 10-day water avoidance stress (WAS) on VMR to CRD in rats. (C, D) Effect of intra-antral infusion of saline at 0°C on the VMR to CRD in rats previously subjected to a 10-day sham stress or WAS. (E, F) Effect of intra-antral infusion of saline at 4°C on the VMR to CRD in rats previously subjected to sham stress or WAS. (G, H) Effect of intra-antral infusion of saline at 8°C on the VMR to CRD in rats previously subjected to sham stress or WAS. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM of the VMR expressed as % of 60 mmHg response in the baseline set of CRD on day 0 (A, B) or day 11 (C–H). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (n = 6 for sham stress groups and n = 8 for stress groups; 2-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-test comparisons).