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Pathophysiology of chronic cardiorenal syndrome (type 2) and chronic renocardiac syndrome (Type 4).
CVP= central venous pressure; IAP= intraabdominal pressure; ACEi= Angiotensin converter enzyme inhibitor; RAAS= Renin angiotensin aldosterone system; SNS= Sympathetic nervous system; RBF= Renal blood flow; GFR= Glomerular filtration rate; NO= Nitrous oxide; ROS= Reactive oxygen species.
