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Management outcome comparisons between the Pain Guard and control groups (N=58).
| Management outcomes | Pain Guard (n=31), median (IQRa) | Control (n=27), median (IQR) | W valueb | P value |
| Baseline NRSc | 4 (3-4) | 4 (3-4) | 495.5 | .20 |
| Remission rate of pain (%) | 50 (45-63) | 0 (0-25) | 686.0 | <.001 |
| Frequency of breakthrough cancer pain | 3 (2-7) | 13 (10-14) | 97.5 | <.001 |
| Medication adherence (%) | 100 (98-100) | 75 (62-89) | 742.0 | <.001 |
aIQR: interquartile range.
bW: Shapiro-Wilk test.
cNRS: numerical rating scale.
