FIG 4.

Glyphosate-resistant mutants remain susceptible to glyphosate in infection. (A) The indicated strains were grown in M9+glucose for 16 h. (B and C) The indicated strains were grown in M9+glucose with various glyphosate, and the OD₆₃₀ after 16 h (B) or 24 h (C) of growth is shown. (D and E) The aroA mRNA copy number of the indicated strains was quantified using qRT-PCR after growth to mid-log phase in M9+glucose. (F and G) CFU counts in lungs of mice infected with 2 × 10⁴ CFU of the indicated strains, mock treated with PBS (circles), or treated with 0.5 mg of glyphosate (triangles) at 6 and 24 hpi and harvested at 30 hpi. Each symbol represents a mouse; open symbols indicate that no CFU were detected at limit of detection; bars indicate the geometric means. Experiments were done independently at least twice with groups of two to three mice. The data are from a representative experiment of three performed in triplicate (A to C) or are combined from all experiments (D to G). Significance was determined using one-way ANOVA on log-transformed values with Dunnett’s (D and E) or Fisher LSD (F and G) posttest. NS (not significant), P > 0.05; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ****, P < 0.0001.