FIG 5.

Sensitivity of clinical blood and respiratory K. pneumoniae isolates, including ESBL- and KPC-producing strains, to glyphosate. (A and B) Clinical K. pneumoniae strains were grown in M9+glucose containing 250 μg/ml glyphosate (black, non-EBSL/KPC; red, ESBL; or blue, KPC) or M9+glucose alone (gray, K. pneumoniae 43816; see also Fig. S3C and D in the supplemental material) for 20 h. (C) Mutations in aroA from B3 and B19 were introduced into the K. pneumoniae 43816 ΔaroA strain and grown in M9+glucose with the indicated concentrations of glyphosate for 16 h. (D) The indicated strains were grown in M9+glucose with glyphosate; the OD₆₃₀ at 16 h is shown. Experiments were performed at least twice with three technical replicates. The data are combined from all experiments (A to C) or are from a representative experiment (D). Statistical significance was determined by using one-way ANOVA with the Fisher LSD test (A and B) or Sidak’s posttest (C). *, P > 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.