Table 3.

Assessment of cognitive impairment

Suspect	Patient history, appearance, changes in behaviour
Confirm	Collateral history from family
Examine	Full medical examination, brief screening assessment
Investigate	Renal/liver/respiratory/thyroid compromise, B12, folate; syphilis serology (in high-risk patients)
Exclude	Depression, neurological/psychiatric disease, medication/drug use
Measure	Psychometric testing using validated battery
Image	Multimodal MRI (T1, T2, T2*, DWI) for brain changes
Establish	Diagnosis based on clinical + psychometric + imaging

DWI, diffusion-weighted imaging; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.