Table 1.
Distribution of included references by geography.
| Region/country | Number | Ref | Total by region |
|---|---|---|---|
| East Asia | 1 | ||
| China | 1 | • Yang, C., Wu, L., Cai, W., Zhu, W., Shen, Q., Li, Z., et al. (2016). Current situation,determinants, and solutions to drug shortages in Shaanxi Province, China: a qualitative study. PLoS ONE 11: e0165183. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165183 (Yang et al., 2016) | |
| Europe | 16 | ||
| Europe (broad focus) | 8 | • Bochenek T, Abilova V, Alkan A, Asanin B, Beriain I de M, Besovic Z, et al. Systemic measures and legislative and organizational frameworks aimed at preventing or mitigating drug shortages in 28 European and Western Asian Countries. Front Pharmacol. 2018;8(JAN). (Bochenek et al., 2018) • Pauwels, K., Huys, I., Casteels, M., and Simoens, S. (2014). Drug shortages in European countries: a trade-off between market attractiveness and cost containment? BMC Health Serv Res. 14:438. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-438 (Pauwels et al., 2014) • Pauwels, K., Simoens, S., Casteels, M., and Huys, I. (2015). Insights into European drug shortages: a survey of hospital pharmacists. PLoS ONE 10:e0119322.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119322 (Pauwels et al., 2015) • Birgli, A. G. (2013). An Evaluation of Medicines Shortages in Europe with More In-Depth Review of These in France, Greece, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom. Available online at: https://www.eaepc.org/images/pdf/evaluation.pdf (Birgli® ag, 2013) • Bogaert, P., Bochenek, T., Prokop, A., and Pilc, A. (2015). A qualitative approach to a better understanding of the problems underlying drug shortages, as viewed from Belgian, French and the European Union’s perspectives. PLoS ONE 10:e0125691. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125691 (Bogaert et al., 2015) • De Weerdt, E., Simoens, S., Casteels, M., and Huys, I. (2017b). Clinical, economic and policy implications of drug shortages in the European union. Appl. Health Econ. Health Policy 15, 441–445. doi: 10.1007/s40258-016-0264-z. (de Weerdt et al., 2017) • De Weerdt, E., Simoens, S., Hombroeckx, L., Casteels, M., and Huys, I. (2015b).Causes of drug shortages in the legal pharmaceutical framework. Regul. Toxicol.Pharmacol. 71, 251–258. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.01.005 (De Weerdt et al., 2015b) • De Weerdt E, Simoens S, Casteels M, Huys I. Toward a European definition for a drug shortage: A qualitative study. Front Pharmacol. 2015;6(OCT):1–9. (De Weerdt et al., 2015a) |
|
| Belgium | 1 | • Bauters T, Claus BO, Norga K, Huys I, Simoens S, Laureys G. Chemotherapy drug shortages in paediatric oncology: A 14-year single-center experience in Belgium. J Oncol Pharm Pract [Internet]. 2016;22(6):766–70. Available from: http://opp.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1078155215610915 (Bauters et al., 2016) | |
| Finland | 1 | • Heiskanen, K., Ahonen, R., Kanerva, R., Karttunen, P., and Timonen, J. (2017). The reasons behind medicine shortages from the perspective of pharmaceutical companies and pharmaceutical wholesalers in Finland. PLoS ONE 12:e0179479.doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179479. (Heiskanen et al., 2017) | |
| France | 1 | • Bocquet, F., Degrassat-Théas, A., Peigné, J., and Paubel, P. (2017). The new regulatory tools of the 2016 Health Law to fight drug shortages in France. Health Policy 121, 471–476. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.03.007 (Bocquet et al., 2017) | |
| Ireland | 1 | • Kavanagh J. (2017). How Pharmaceutical Supply Chains Can Be Managed to Minimise the Number of Medicines Shortages, Unpublished Master’s thesis, University College Dublin, Ireland. (Kavanagh, 2017) • Vella Bonanno, P., and Gavril, F. (2011). Seven years of EU Pharmaceutical regulation in Malta. WHO Drug Inf. 25, 341–412. (Bonnanno and Gavril, 2011) |
|
| Slovenia | 1 | • Pfeffer, K., and Mozolová, B. (2017). Re-export of drugs in the Slovak Republic vol. 2 – the Act [Internet]. Available: https://www.twobirds.com/en/news/articles/2017/uk/ils/re-export-of-drugs-in-the-slovak-republic-vol-2-the-act (Pfeffer and Mozoľová, 2017) | |
| Spain | 1 | • Servicio Vasco de Salud -Osakidetza. Desabastecimiento De Medicamentos: Un Problema Sin Resolver [Internet]. Vol. 23, INFORMACIÓN FARMACOTERAPÉUTICA DE LA COMARCA. Vitoria - Gasteiz; 2016. Available from: http://www.osakidetza.euskadi.eus/contenidos/informacion/cevime_infac_2015/es_def/adjuntos/INFAC_Vol_23_N_7_Desabastecimientos.pdf (Servicio Vasco de Salud –Osakidetza, 2016) | |
| United Kingdom | 2 | • Costelloe, E. M., Guinane, M., Nugent, F., Halley, O., and Parsons, C. (2014). An audit of drug shortages in a community pharmacy practice. Ir. J. Med. Sci.435–440. doi: 10.1007/s11845-014-1139-7 (Costelloe et al., 2015) • Group AP. Why drug shortages occur. Drug Ther Bull [Internet]. 2015;53(3):33–6. Available from: https://dtb.bmj.com/content/53/3/33.full (All-party Pharmacy, 2015) |
|
| Latin America | 3 | ||
| Latin America (broad focus) | 1 | • ISAGS. Situation of Essential Medicines at Risk of Supply Shortage with Emphasis on South American Countries [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro; 2017. Available from: http://isags-unasur.org/en/publicacao/situation-of-essential-medicines-at-risk-of-supply-shortage-with-emphasis-on-south-american-countries-2/ (ISAGS, 2017) | |
| Brazil | 1 | • Perini E, Rosa MB, Reis AMM, Perini E. Drug shortage: a public health problem. Cad Saude Publica [Internet]. 2016 Oct [cited 2017 Jul 10];32(10). Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-311X2016001000301&lng=en&tlng=en (Rosa et al., 2016) | |
| Venezuela | 1 | • Aular de González Y. Escasez de medicamentos y su repercusión en la salud. Salus. 2014;18(2):5–6. (Aular de González, 2014) | |
| North America | 29 | ||
| Canada | 3 | • Morrison, A. (2011). Drug Supply Disruptions [Environmental Scan Issue 17]Ottawa: Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health. Available online at: https://www.cadth.ca/drug-supply-disruptions (Morrison, 2011) • Kaposy C. Drugs, money, and power: the Canadian drug shortage. J Bioeth Inq [Internet]. 2014 Mar [cited 2014 May 29];11(1):85–9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24357073 • Videau M, Lebel D, Bussières JF. Drug shortages in Canada: Data for 2016–2017 and perspectives on the problem. Ann Pharm Fr [Internet]. 2019; Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharma.2018.11.007 (Videau et al., 2019) |
|
| United States | 26 | • Schweitzer, S. O. (2013). How the US Food and Drug Administration can solve the prescription drug shortage problem. Am. J. Public Health. 10310–14. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301239 (Schweitzer, 2013) • Ventola, C. L. (2011). The drug shortage crisis in the United States: causes, impact, and management strategies. P T. 36, 740–757. (Ventola, 2011) • Goldsack, J. C., Reilly, C., Bush, C., McElligott, S., Bristol, M. N., Motanya, U. N., et al. (2014). Impact of shortages of injectable oncology drugs on patient care. Am. J. Heal. Pharm. 71, 571–578. doi: 10.2146/ajhp130569 (Goldsack et al., 2014) • Butterfield, L., Cash, J., and Pham, K. (2015). Position statement drug shortages and implications for pediatric patients. J. Pediatr. Pharmacol. Ther. 20, 149–152. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-20.2.149 (Butterfield et al., 2015) • Mazer-Amirshahi, M., Goyal, M., Umar, S. A., Fox, E. R., Zocchi, M., Hawley, K.L., et al. (2017). U.S. drug shortages for medications used in adult critical care(2001-2016). J. Crit. Care. 41, 283–288. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.06.005 (Mazer-Amirshahi et al., 2017) • McLaughlin,M.M., and Skoglund, E.W. (2015). Drug shortages and patient safety. J. Infus. Nurs. 38, 205–208. doi: 10.1097/NAN.0000000000000101 • McLaughlin, M., Kotis, D., Thomson, K., Harrison, M., Fennessy, G., Postelnick, M., et al. (2013). Effects on patient care caused by drug shortages: a survey. J. Manag. Care Pharm. 19, 783–788. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2013.19.9.783 • McKeever AE, Bloch JR, Bratic A. Drug shortages and the burden of access to care: A critical issue affecting patients with cancer. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2013; (McKeever et al., 2013) • Alevizakos M, Detsis M, Grigoras CA, Machan JT, Mylonakis E. The Impact of Shortages on Medication Prices: Implications for Shortage Prevention. Drugs. 2016;76(16):1551–8 (Alevizakos et al., 2016) • Griffith MM, Gross AE, Sutton SH, Bolon MK, Esterly JS, Patel JA, et al. The impact of anti-infective drug shortages on hospitals in the United States: Trends and causes. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;54(5):684–91. (Griffith et al., 2012) • Steers WD. Falling short: Causes and Implications of Drug Shortages in the United States. J Urol [Internet]. 2014;192(5):1315–7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25218647 (Steers, 2014) • Gabrielli A, Layon NT, Bones HL, Layon AJ. The Tragedy of the Commons - Drug Shortages and Our Patients’ Health. Am J Med [Internet]. 2016;129(12):1237–8. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002934316310130%0A http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28029357 (Gabrielli et al., 2016) • Rinaldi F, de Denus S, Nguyen A, Nattel S, Bussières J-F. Drug Shortages: Patients and Health Care Providers Are All Drawing the Short Straw. Can J Cardiol [Internet]. 2016; Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0828282X1630842X%0A http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27923583 (Rinaldi et al., 2017) • Parsons HM, Schmidt S, Karnad AB, Liang Y, Pugh MJ, Fox ER, et al. Association Between the Number of Suppliers for Critical Antineoplastics and Drug Shortages: Implications for Future Drug Shortages and Treatment. J Oncol Pract [Internet]. 2016;12(3):249–50. Available from: http://jop.ascopubs.org/cgi/doi/10.1200/JOP.2015.007237 • Chen SI, Fox ER, Kennedy Hall M, Ross JS, Bucholz EM, Krumholz HM, et al. Despite federal legislation, shortages of drugs used in acute care settings remain persistent and prolonged. Health Aff. 2016;35(5):798–804. (Chen et al., 2016) • Fox ER, Tyler LS. Potential Association between Drug Shortages and High-Cost Medications. Pharmacotherapy [Internet]. 2016; Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27891635 (Fox and Tyler, 2017) • Warkentin J, Flood J, Kanouse J, Shah N, Cronin A. Impact of a Shortage of First-Line Antituberculosis Medication on Tuberculosis Control — United States, 2012–2013. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep - CD [Internet]. 2013;62(20):396–400. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23698603 • Jagsi R., Spence R., Rathmell W.K., Bradbury A., Peppercorn J., et al. Ethical considerations for the clinical oncologist in an era of oncology drug shortages. Oncologist. 2014;19(2):186–92. (Jagsi et al., 2014) • Becker DJ, Talwar S, Levy BP, Thorn M, Roitman J, Blum RH, et al. Impact of oncology drug shortages on patient therapy: unplanned treatment changes. J Oncol Pract. 2013;9(4):122–8. (Becker et al., 2013) • Gupta DK, Huang S-M. Drug Shortages in the United States: A Critical Evaluation of Root Causes and the Need for Action. Clin Pharmacol Ther [Internet]. 2013;93(2):133–5. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23337520 (Gupta and Huang, 2013) |
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| • Caulder C, Mehta B, Bookstaver P, Sims L, Stevenson B, South Carolina Society of Health-Sy. Impact of Drug Shortages on Health System Pharmacies in the Southeastern United States. Hosp Pharm [Internet]. 2015;50(4):279–86. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4589883/pdf/hpj-50-279.pdf (Caulder et al., 2015) • Golembiewski J. Drug shortages in the perioperative setting: causes, impact, and strategies. J Perianesth Nurs [Internet]. 2012 Aug [cited 2013 Mar 7];27(4):286–92. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22828028 (Golembiewski, 2012) • Daley M, Lat I, Kane-Gill S. Applicability of Guideline Recommendations Challenged in the Setting of Drug Shortages. Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2013;41(7):e142–3. Available from: http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&an=00003246-201307000-00058 • McLaughlin M, Kotis D, Thomson K, Harrison M, Fennessy G, Postelnick M, et al. Effects on Patient Care Caused by Drug Shortages: A Survey. J Manag Care Pharm [Internet]. 2013;19(9):783–8. Available from: http://www.jmcp.org/doi/10.18553/jmcp.2013.19.9.783 (McLaughlin et al., 2013) • Administra- D, Act I, Hoffman RS. Antidote shortages in the United States: impact and response. Clin Toxicol (Phila) [Internet]. 2014;52(3):157–9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24397753 (American College of Medical Toxicology, American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, 2015) • Bible JR, Evans DC, Payne B, Mostafavifar L. Impact of Drug Shortages on Patients Receiving Parenteral Nutrition After Laparotomy. J Parenter Enter Nutr [Internet]. 2014;38(2_suppl):65S–71S. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0148607114550317 |
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| Oceania | 2 | ||
| Australia | 1 | • The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australian, SHPA. Medicine shortages in Australia. A snapshot of shortages in australian hospitals. Victoria; 2017. (The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australian, SHPA, 2017) | |
| Fiji | 1 | • Walker, J., Chaar, B. B., Vera, N., Pillai, A. S., Lim, J. S., Bero, L., et al. (2017). Medicine shortages in Fiji: a qualitative exploration of stakeholders’ views. PLoS ONE 12:e0178429. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178429 (Walker et al., 2017) | |
| Western Asia | 4 | ||
| Iran | 1 | • Setayesh S, Mackey TK. Addressing the impact of economic sanctions on Iranian drug shortages in the joint comprehensive plan of action: promoting access to medicines and health diplomacy. Global Health [Internet]. 2016;12(1):31. Available from: http://globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12992-016-0168-6 (Setayesh and Mackey, 2016) | |
| Iraq | 1 | • Cousins S. Iraq: staff and medicine shortages are major challenges. Lancet [Internet]. 2014;384(9947):943–4. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673614616159 (Cousins, 2014) | |
| Jordan | 1 | • Awad, H., Al-Zu’bi, Z.M. F., and Abdallah, A. B. (2016). A quantitative analysis of the causes of drug shortages in Jordan: a supply chain perspective. Int. Bus. Res.9:53. doi: 10.5539/ibr.v9n6p53 (Awad et al., 2016) | |
| Israel | 1 | • Schwartzberg E, Ainbinder D, Vishkauzan A, Gamzu R. Drug shortages in Israel: regulatory perspectives, challenges and solutions. Isr J Health Policy Res [Internet]. 2017;6(1):17. Available from: http://ijhpr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13584-017-0140-9%0A http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28392910%0A http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC5376685 (Schwartzberg et al., 2017) | |
| Cross settings comparisons between countries | 1 | ||
| The United States and Arabia Saudi – Hospital Setting | 1 | • Alsheikh, M., Seoane-Vazquez, E., Rittenhouse, B., Fox, E. R., and Fanikos, J. (2016). A comparison of drug shortages in the Hospital Setting in the United States and Saudi Arabia: an exploratory analysis. Hosp. Pharm. 51,370–375. doi: 10.1310/hpj5105-370 (Alsheikh et al., 2016) |