Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jul 19;10:946. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00946

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2019 Marastoni, Sandri, Pii, Valentinuzzi, Cesco and Mimmo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Root architecture parameters of Fercal and 196.17 rootstock plants, either monocropped or intercropped with oat, ad exposed to increasing concentration of Cu. (A) Total root length. The statistical significance of the whole dataset was tested by a three-way ANOVA test: Cu concentration p < 0.0001; Genotype p < 0.0001; Cropping system p = 0.0155; Cu concentration × Genotype p = 0.0189; Cu concentration × Cropping system p = 0.2533; Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.0002; Cu concentration × Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.2004. (B) Total number of tips. The statistical significance of the whole dataset was tested by a three-way ANOVA test: Cu concentration p = 0.3870; Genotype p < 0.0001; Cropping system p = 0.0033; Cu concentration × Genotype p = 0.3179; Cu concentration × Cropping system p = 0.0051; Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.1043; Cu concentration × Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.0617. (C) Average diameter. The statistical significance of the whole dataset was tested by a three-way ANOVA test: Cu concentration p < 0.0001; Genotype p = 0.0107; Cropping system p = 0.3830; Cu concentration × Genotype p = 0.0063; Cu concentration × Cropping system p = 0.9896; Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.0025; Cu concentration × Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.0229. (D) Total surface area. The statistical significance of the whole dataset was tested by a three-way ANOVA test: Cu concentration p < 0.0001; Genotype p < 0.0001; Cropping system p = 0.0008; Cu concentration × Genotype p = 0.0003; Cu concentration × Cropping system p = 0.0681; Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.0132; Cu concentration × Genotype × Cropping system p = 0.2807. Data have been collected at harvest (14 days after Cu treatment) and are reported as means (±SE), n = 5. Different letters indicate significantly different values as determined using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc tests (p < 0.05). Lower-case letters account for statistical analyses of the same cropping system exposed to different Cu concentrations. Upper-case letters account for statistical analyses of the different cropping system exposed to the Cu concentration.