Table 1.

Summary of treatment recommendations.

Test	Commencea	Repeat	Abnormal	Treatment
Dilated eye examination with specialist using fundal photography or mydriatic ophthalmoscopy	From 11 years of age once has had diabetes for 2–5 years	Every 2 years if low risk	Vision-threatening retinopathy	Laser or anti-VEGF
			Diabetic macular oedema with vision loss	Anti-VEGF
Urine albumin/creatinine ratio (× three samples)	From 11 years of age once has had diabetes for 2–5 years	Annually	Two out of three samples show proteinuria	ACE-I or ARB
Foot examination	From 11 years of age once has had diabetes for 2–5 years	Annually
Blood pressure	Every visit		>95th centile for age, sex and height	Lifestyle for 3–6 months and then antihypertensives
Random lipid profile	From 11 years regardless of duration, unless strong family history in which case from 2 years	Every 5 years	Confirm with fasting sample. Abnormal if fasting LDL >2.6 mmol/l	Lifestyle for 3–6 months and then consider statins from 11 years of age

^aScreening should commence at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes as duration is presumed to be longer.

ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; LDL, low-density lipoprotein;VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.