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. 2019 Jul 19;10:1495. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01495

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Copyright © 2019 Chapman, Corridoni, Shiraishi, Pandey, Aulicino, Wigfield, do Carmo Costa, Thézénas, Paulson, Fischer, Kessler and Simmons.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ataxin-3 is required for mitochondrial respiration in immune cells. (A) Immunoblot using antibodies against ataxin-3 and β-actin in THP1 cells following transfection with control or ataxin-3 shRNA. (B) Representative Seahorse sequential OCR measurements by Seahorse of control and ataxin-3 shRNA THP1 cells. (C–F) Seahorse analysis of key mitochondrial respiration parameters in control shRNA cells and ataxin-3 shRNA THP1 cells. n = 3, Student's paired t-test *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (G–J) Seahorse analysis of key mitochondrial respiration parameters in control shRNA cells and ataxin-3 shRNA THP1 cells either left unstimulated or stimulated for 6, 16, or 24 h with MDP + PAM₃CSK₄. n = 3, one way ANOVA *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. All OCR measurements were normalized to cell number.