Table 3.

Logistic regression for substance use among HIV infected people (n=132)

Characteristics	Tobacco smoking			Alcohol drinking
	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	p
Age in years
≤ 36 – Ref.
>36	0.91	0.41˗-2.0	0.815	1.09	0.48˗-2.49	0.833
Gender
Male	12.19	4.32˗-34.38	<0.001	0.98	0.44˗-2.23	0.970
Female – Ref.
Ethnicity
Non-indigenous	1.25	0.57˗-2.73	0.583	0.61	0.27˗-1.39	0.240
Indigenous – Ref.
Religion
Hindu	0.74	0.32-˗1.69	0.477	0.31	0.13˗-0.72	0.007
Others – Ref.
Occupation
Unemployed – Ref.
Informal employee	2.29	0.78-˗6.69	0.130	1.80	0.67-˗4.84	0.243
Formal employee	3.95	1.36˗-11.47	0.012	1.06	0.36˗-3.15	0.916
Education
No formal education – Ref.
Formal education	1.61	0.70˗-3.73	0.266	1.44	0.60-˗3.47	0.411
Marital status
Single – Ref.
Married	1.54	0.60-˗3.95	0.366	1.51	0.56-˗4.09	0.414
Children
Yes	1.53	0.47-˗4.94	0.476	3.00	0.65˗-13.75	0.157
No – Ref.
Number of children
≤ 2 – Ref.
>2	0.33	0.09-˗1.19	0.090	0.33	0.09˗-1.19	0.09
Per capita income
≤ 5000 NPR – Ref.
> 5000 NPR	1.09	0.49˗-2.44	0.825	2.19	0.95-˗5.01	0.064
Current tobacco smoking
Yes	-	-	-	3.37	1.42˗-8.00	0.006
No – Ref.
Current alcohol drinking
Yes	3.37	1.42˗-8.00	0.006	-	-	-
No – Ref.
Age at HIV diagnosis
≤ 34 Years – Ref.
> 34 Years	0.84	0.38˗-1.84	0.658	1.20	0.53-˗2.72	0.661
Age at ART started
≤ 35 Years – Ref.
> 35 Years	0.94	0.43-˗2.05	0.88	1.15	0.51-˗2.61	0.732
Duration of ART medication
< 1 Years – Ref.
≥ 1 Years	1.62	0.75˗-3.53	0.223	2.57	1.11-˗5.96	0.028
Mode of HIV infection
Sex worker	15.2	4.35˗-53.08	<0.001	4.50	1.70˗-11.93	0.003
Others – Ref.
HIV status of spouse
Positive	0.10	0.04˗-0.27	<0.001	0.48	0.20-˗1.12	0.088
Negative – Ref.
Have sexual contact last 3 month
Yes	3.14	1.02˗-9.74	0.047	2.46	0.79˗-7.68	0.121
No – Ref.
Condom used during sex last
Yes	1.70	0.61-˗4.77	0.313	0.10	0.03-˗0.27	<0.001
No – Ref.
Clinical stages
≤ 2 Stage – Ref.
>2 Stage	0.77	0.35˗-1.67	0.502	0.46	0.20˗-1.08	0.076
Known morbidities
Tuberculosis	0.51	0.14˗-1.89	0.315	0.38	0.08-˗1.77	0.220
Others – Ref.
CD4+T-cell count
≤ 300 count – Ref.
> 300 count	0.53	0.24˗-1.18	0.120	0.64	0.28-˗1.47	0.292
Ever forget to take ART medication
Yes	1.72	0.79˗-3.74	0.174	3.17	1.36-˗7.38	0.008
No – Ref.

OR = odds ratio, Ref. = reference, CI = confidence interval