Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jul 19;10:824. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00824

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2019 Saul, Emmerich, Steinhilber and Suess

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Schematic overview of the leukotriene and prostanoid biosynthesis pathway. Arachidonic acid (AA) is released from cellular membranes by cytosolic phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂). The free AA can further be converted to different leukotrienes (LT). 5-LO is crucial for the conversion of AA to 5(S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) and LTA₄. LTA₄ is further converted to LTB₄ by LTA₄ hydrolase (LTA₄H) or to the cysteinyl-containing LTC₄ by LTC₄ synthase (LTC₄S), which can be metabolized to LTD₄ and LTE₄. Biosynthesis of prostanoids begins with the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 or COX-2 converting AA to prostaglandin (PG) H₂, which is further converted to a variety of other prostanoids. Thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂) is generated by TXA synthase (TXAS), while the synthases PGxS produce the certain PGs: PGF_2α, PGI₂, and PGD₂. The microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1) catalyzes formation of PGE₂.