Table 2a.

Prevalence and factors associated with SHS exposure at home among non-smoker Malaysian adults age ≥15 years, percentages and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) are weighted

	Exposure to SHS at home					Factor associated with SHS exposure at home
Demographic characteristics	n	N (thousands)	%a	95% CIa		(AOR)a	95% CIa
				Lower	Upper		Lower	Upper
Overall	906	4217	27.9	25.5	30.4
Gender
Male	193	1095	19.5	16.2	23.0	Ref
Female	713	3122	32.8	29.9	36.0	2.12*	1.61	2.78
Age group (years)
15–24	201	1466	32.2	27.5	37.3	3.06*	1.48	6.33
25–44	360	1601	27.6	24.2	31.3	2.15*	1.19	3.89
45–64	264	891	24.8	21.0	29.0	1.66	0.93	2.60
65+	81	259	21.6	16.2	28.2	Ref
Residence
Urban	372	2745	25.1	22.1	28.3	Ref
Rural	534	1472	35.0	31.5	38.0	0.87	0.64	1.18
Education level
Less than primary	167	508	32.2	27.9	39.0	1.72	0.87	3.41
Primary	324	1352	29.5	25.7	33.6	1.57	0.88	2.81
Secondary	355	1949	28.5	25.4	31.9	1.21	0.71	2.05
College or above	59	405	18.9	13.9	25.0	Ref
Ethnicity
Malay	605	294	33.8	30.7	37.1	2.39*	1.56	3.64
Chinese	84	455	14.5	10.8	19.2	Ref
Indian	25	215	14.4	9.2	21.8	0.91	0.45	1.85
Other	192	604	33.5	27.7	39.9	2.40*	1.39	4.19
Marital status
Married	617	2482	27.9	23.2	30.9	2.08*	1.20	3.57
Single	203	1462	28.5	24.4	33.1	1.61*	1.01	2.63
Divorced/separated/widowed	85	267	24.2	18.3	31.3	Ref
Occupation
Government employee	41	208	16.3	11.5	22.4	Ref
Non-government employee	169	1066	25.9	21.7	30.7	1.88*	1.06	3.36
Self-employed	113	396	24.0	18.9	30.0	2.22*	1.12	4.41
Unemployed	506	2197	31.2	28.1	34.5	3.23*	1.46	7.14
Homemakers/students/retired	76	346	33.1	25.1	42.1	2.25*	1.24	4.13
Income Quintileb
Q5	147	1087	22.8	18.9	27.3	Ref
Q4	174	949	26.0	22.1	30.3	0.83	0.56	1.22
Q3	170	885	30.3	25.3	35.8	0.89	0.56	1.43
Q2	200	698	31.8	27.2	36.8	0.96	0.59	1.56
Q1	201	541	37.9	32.6	43.5	0.80	0.48	1.34
Smoking ban at home
Yesc			-c				-c
Partial	118	756	41.8	34.9	49.0	Ref
No	780	3428	57.6	53.8	61.2	15.87*	12.58	19.65

^aWeighted values based on estimated population.

^bQuintile 5 is the most affluent group, while Q1 is the poorest group, according to the wealth index.

^cFor smoking ban at home = Yes, no one in this level reported SHS exposure at home.

Design effect of SHS exposure at home — 2.49.

^*Significant at p<0.05.