Table 1.
Characteristics of clinics, providers and patients sampled
| Parameter | Response | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Clinic-level variables | ||
| Geographic location | Urban | 8.3% |
| Suburban | 20.8% | |
| Rural | 70.8% | |
| Type of record system | Electronic | 36.4% |
| Manual | 27.3% | |
| Both | 36.4% | |
| Reimbursement method | Fee for service (private) | 12.5% |
| Salaried (public) | 87.5% | |
| Provider-level variables | ||
| Gender | Female | 54.2% |
| Male | 45.8% | |
| Years of practicing medicine | Mean (SD) | 13.8 (4.9) |
| Age | 30–39 years | 20.0% |
| 40–49 years | 70.0% | |
| 50–59 years | 10.0% | |
| Previous smoking cessation training | No | 70.0% |
| Yes | 30.0% | |
| Smoking status | Smoker | 25.0% |
| Ex-smoker | 33.3% | |
| Non-smoker | 41.7% | |
| Patient-level variables | ||
| Age | Mean years (SD) | 48.2 (14.0) |
| Gender | Female | 41.6% |
| Male | 58.4% | |
| Education | Grade school | 21.2% |
| Junior high school | 20.9% | |
| High school | 30.6% | |
| College/University | 27.3% | |
| Nationality | Greek | 97.9% |
| Other | 2.1% | |
| Smoking-related illnessa | 18.4% | |
| Anxiety, depression or other mental health illness | 13.2% | |
| Depressive symptomsb | PHQ score >3 | 8.1% |
| Anxiety symptomsc | PHQ score >3 | 20.1% |
| Purpose of visit | Medical examination | 44.9% |
| Prescription | 38.6% | |
| Other | 16.5% | |
| Cigarettes/day | <15 | 21.1% |
| 15–20 | 48.3% | |
| >20 | 30.6% | |
| Time to first cigarette in am | >30 minutes | 30.5% |
| <30 minutes | 69.5% | |
| Years of tobacco use | 0–2 years | 1.5% |
| 3–9 years | 7.1% | |
| 10–19 years | 22.2% | |
| 20+ years | 69.2% | |
| Readiness to quitd | Next 30 days | 19.9% |
| Next 6 months | 41.3% | |
| Not ready to quit | 38.8% | |
| Self-efficacy with quittinge | Low (<7/10) | 87.0% |
| High (>7/10) | 13.0% | |
a
Do you have... heart disease, stroke, heart failure/cancer/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? (1=yes, 0=no).
b
Positive screen (score of 3 or more) on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-4 for Depression.
c
Positive screen (score of 3 or more) on Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-4 for Anxiety.
d
Which of the following best describes your feelings about smoking right now? (responses: 1=ready to quit in next 30 days, 0= ready to quit in next 6 months or not ready to quit).
e
On a scale of 1 to 10 how confident are you that you would be able to quit smoking at this time? (1=not at all confident, 10=extremely confident).